Bishti Shaza, Strub Jörg R, Att Wael
Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University Hospital , Freiburg , Germany.
Acta Odontol Scand. 2014 Jan;72(1):13-25. doi: 10.3109/00016357.2013.799712. Epub 2013 Jul 9.
The aim of the present systematic review was to determine the peri-implant tissue response to different implant abutment materials and designs available and to assess the impact of tissue biotype.
Relevant literature published between December 2009 and August 2012 was searched to identify studies dealing with different implant abutment designs and materials, as well as the response of different tissue biotypes. The search terms used, in simple or multiple conjunctions, were 'implant abutment', 'interface', 'material', 'peri-implant', 'soft tissue' and 'esthetic'. Studies were selected according to pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria.
The initial search yielded 2449 titles. After a subsequent filtering process, 23 studies were finally selected. The included studies revealed different factors responsible for the stability of peri-implant tissue and the esthetic outcome. These factors include tissue biotype and architecture, implant abutment material and implant abutment design. Several designs were suggested to prevent marginal bone loss and soft tissue recession. These included scalloped implants, platform-switched implants and gingivally converged or concave implant abutments. Due to the limited number of studies and the heterogeneity in their designs, it was not possible to perform a statistical analysis of the data.
The current literature provides insufficient evidence about the effectiveness of different implant abutment designs and materials in the stability of peri-implant tissues.
本系统评价的目的是确定种植体周围组织对不同种植体基台材料和设计的反应，并评估组织生物型的影响。
检索2009年12月至2012年8月发表的相关文献，以确定涉及不同种植体基台设计和材料以及不同组织生物型反应的研究。使用的检索词为“种植体基台”“界面”“材料”“种植体周围”“软组织”和“美学”，以简单或多个连词的形式出现。根据预先确定的纳入和排除标准选择研究。
初步检索得到2449个标题。经过后续筛选过程，最终选择了23项研究。纳入的研究揭示了影响种植体周围组织稳定性和美学效果的不同因素。这些因素包括组织生物型和结构、种植体基台材料以及种植体基台设计。提出了几种设计以防止边缘骨丢失和软组织退缩。这些设计包括扇贝形种植体、平台转换种植体以及龈向汇聚或凹形种植体基台。由于研究数量有限且设计存在异质性，无法对数据进行统计分析。
目前的文献提供的证据不足，无法证明不同种植体基台设计和材料对种植体周围组织稳定性的有效性。
