Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Mexico City, Mexico.
Environ Technol. 2013 Mar-Apr;34(5-8):911-22. doi: 10.1080/09593330.2012.722690.
In-use vehicles which are high emitters (HEVs) make a large contribution to the emissions inventory. It is not known, however, whether HEVs share common emissions characteristics, and particularly the effect of ethanol blends. We study this by first examining laboratory measurements of exhaust and evaporative emissions on ethanol blends containing 21%, 26% and 30% aromatics, and a reference fuel formulated with methyl-tertiary butyl ether (MTBE). Switching from MTBE to ethanol fuels on HEVs shows no effect on the total emissions of regulated pollutants, but 1,3-butadiene emissions would increased substantially while the emissions of total carbonyls would not be affected except in the case of acetaldehyde, which would increase with EtOH. The ozone-forming potential of exhaust and evaporative emissions would be less using the EtOH blends and specific reactivity will not be incremented. Lowering the vapour pressure of the gasoline and increasing the proportions of alkylate and isomerate in the composition produces an ethanol-blended fuel with lower environmental impact both in normal vehicles and HEVs.
在用车中，高排放车辆（HEVs）对排放清单的贡献很大。然而，目前还不清楚 HEVs 是否具有共同的排放特征，特别是乙醇混合燃料的影响。我们通过首先检查实验室对含有 21%、26%和 30%芳烃的乙醇混合物以及用甲基叔丁基醚（MTBE）配制的参考燃料的废气和蒸发排放物的测量来研究这一点。在 HEVs 上从 MTBE 切换到乙醇燃料不会对受管制污染物的总排放量产生影响，但 1,3-丁二烯的排放量会大幅增加，而总羰基的排放量除了乙醛外不会受到影响，乙醛的排放量会随着 EtOH 的增加而增加。废气和蒸发排放物的臭氧形成潜力使用乙醇混合物会降低，特定反应性不会增加。降低汽油的蒸气压并增加烷基化和异构化的比例会产生一种对环境影响较小的乙醇混合燃料，无论是在普通车辆还是 HEVs 中。
