Wang Haijing, Zhang Yaoguang, Li Zhijian, Wang Tiebin, Liu Ping
The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2014 Apr;42(3):249-53. doi: 10.1111/ceo.12164. Epub 2013 Aug 4.
The study aimed to assess the prevalence and causes of corneal blindness in a rural northern Chinese population.
Cross-sectional study.
The cluster random sampling method was used to select the sample.
This population-based study included 11 787 participants of all ages in rural Heilongjiang Province, China. These participants underwent a detailed interview and eye examination that included the measurement of visual acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy and direct ophthalmoscopy. An eye was considered to have corneal blindness if the visual acuity was <9/18 because of corneal diseases.
The main outcome measure was prevalence rates of corneal blindness and low vision.
Among the 10 384 people enrolled in the study, the prevalence of corneal blindness is 0.3% (95% confidence interval 0.2-0.4%). The leading cause was keratitis in childhood (40.0%), followed by ocular trauma (33.3%) and keratitis in adulthood (20.0%). Age and illiteracy were found to be associated with an increased prevalence of corneal blindness.
Blindness because of corneal diseases in rural areas of Northern China is a significant public health problem that needs to be given more attention.
本研究旨在评估中国北方农村人群中角膜盲的患病率及病因。
横断面研究。
采用整群随机抽样方法选取样本。
这项基于人群的研究纳入了中国黑龙江省农村地区11787名各年龄段的参与者。这些参与者接受了详细的访谈和眼部检查，包括视力测量、裂隙灯显微镜检查和直接检眼镜检查。如果因角膜疾病导致视力<9/18，则一只眼睛被视为患有角膜盲。
主要观察指标为角膜盲和低视力的患病率。
在纳入研究的10384人中，角膜盲的患病率为0.3%（95%置信区间0.2 - 0.4%）。主要病因是儿童期角膜炎（40.0%），其次是眼外伤（33.3%）和成年期角膜炎（20.0%）。发现年龄和文盲状态与角膜盲患病率增加有关。
中国北方农村地区因角膜疾病导致的失明是一个重大的公共卫生问题，需要更多关注。
