School of Marine Science and Technology, Ridley Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
Biofouling. 2013;29(7):869-78. doi: 10.1080/08927014.2013.810214. Epub 2013 Jul 12.
Ficopomatus enigmaticus, a euryhaline tube-building polychaete worm with a subtropical to temperate distribution, is an increasingly problematic fouling organism. In this study, laboratory protocols for maintaining adult broodstock, destructive spawning, larval culture and a settlement bioassay were developed. The method routinely yielded approximately 200 larvae per spawning adult. The mean number of eggs released by females was 1517 and the mean number of spermatozoids per male was 4.425 × 10(6). Fertilisation success, using an initial concentration of 2.5 × 10(6) spermatozoids and 45 eggs ml(-1), was 76% after a contact time of 60 min. The first cleavage occurred after 20 min and the trocophore larval stage was attained by 18 h. Metatrochophores were observed 4 d post-fertilisation and were competent to settle 1 day later. The proportion of larvae that settled after 48 h was surface-dependent: 10.24% on glass, 1.39% on polystyrene and 11.07% on a poly(dimethylsiloxane) elastomer. The presence of a biofilm on glass increased the rate of settlement 7-fold compared to clean glass.
神秘管栖多毛环节动物 Ficopomatus enigmaticus 是一种广盐性的管栖多毛环节动物，分布于亚热带至温带，是一种日益严重的污损生物。本研究建立了维持成年亲代、有破坏性产卵、幼虫培养和附着生物测定的实验室方案。该方法常规情况下每次可获得约 200 个幼虫。雌虫释放的平均卵数为 1517 个，雄虫的平均精子数为 4.425×10^6 个。受精成功率为 76%，使用的初始精子浓度为 2.5×10^6 个/ml 和 45 个卵/ml，接触时间为 60 分钟。第一次分裂发生在 20 分钟后，18 小时达到幼体期。受精后 4 天观察到 Metatrochophores，并在 1 天后能够附着。48 小时后幼虫附着的比例与表面有关：玻璃上为 10.24%，聚苯乙烯上为 1.39%，聚二甲基硅氧烷弹性体上为 11.07%。与清洁玻璃相比，玻璃上生物膜的存在将附着速度提高了 7 倍。
