Martínez-García Roberto, Ubeda-Sansano Maria Isabel, Díez-Domingo Javier, Pérez-Hoyos Santiago, Gil-Salom Manuel
Department of Urology, Clinic University Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Neurourol Urodyn. 2014 Sep;33(7):1092-8. doi: 10.1002/nau.22452. Epub 2013 Jul 12.
There is an agreement to use simple formulae (expected bladder capacity and other age based linear formulae) as bladder capacity benchmark. But real normal child's bladder capacity is unknown.
To offer a systematic review of children's normal bladder capacity, to measure children's normal maximum voided volumes (MVVs), to construct models of MVVs and to compare them with the usual formulae.
Computerized, manual and grey literature were reviewed until February 2013. Epidemiological, observational, transversal, multicenter study. A consecutive sample of healthy children aged 5-14 years, attending Primary Care centres with no urologic abnormality were selected. Participants filled-in a 3-day frequency-volume chart. Variables were MVVs: maximum of 24 hr, nocturnal, and daytime maximum voided volumes.
diuresis and its daytime and nighttime fractions; body-measure data; and gender. The consecutive steps method was used in a multivariate regression model.
Twelve articles accomplished systematic review's criteria. Five hundred and fourteen cases were analysed. Three models, one for each of the MVVs, were built. All of them were better adjusted to exponential equations. Diuresis (not age) was the most significant factor. There was poor agreement between MVVs and usual formulae. Nocturnal and daytime maximum voided volumes depend on several factors and are different.
Nocturnal and daytime maximum voided volumes should be used with different meanings in clinical setting. Diuresis is the main factor for bladder capacity. This is the first model for benchmarking normal MVVs with diuresis as its main factor. Current formulae are not suitable for clinical use.
人们一致同意使用简单公式（预期膀胱容量及其他基于年龄的线性公式）作为膀胱容量基准。但正常儿童的实际膀胱容量尚不清楚。
对儿童正常膀胱容量进行系统评价，测量儿童正常最大排尿量（MVV），构建MVV模型并与常用公式进行比较。
截至2013年2月对计算机文献、手工文献和灰色文献进行综述。采用流行病学、观察性、横断面、多中心研究。选取5至14岁、在初级保健中心就诊且无泌尿系统异常的连续健康儿童样本。参与者填写一份为期3天的频率-容量图表。变量为MVV：24小时最大排尿量、夜间最大排尿量和日间最大排尿量。
利尿及其日间和夜间分量；身体测量数据；以及性别。在多变量回归模型中采用连续步骤法。
12篇文章符合系统评价标准。分析了514例病例。构建了三个模型，分别对应每个MVV。所有模型都更适合指数方程。利尿（而非年龄）是最显著的因素。MVV与常用公式之间的一致性较差。夜间和日间最大排尿量取决于多个因素且有所不同。
在临床环境中，夜间和日间最大排尿量应具有不同的含义。利尿是膀胱容量的主要因素。这是首个以利尿为主要因素对正常MVV进行基准化的模型。当前公式不适合临床使用。
