Santana Mônica L P, Silva Rita de Cássia R, Assis Ana M O, Raich Rosa M, Machado Maria Ester P C, de J Pinto Elizabete, de Moraes Lia T L P, Ribeiro Júnior Hugo da C
Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Department of Nutritional Science, School of Nutrition, UFBA, Canela, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
Nutr Hosp. 2013 May-Jun;28(3):747-55. doi: 10.3305/nh.2013.28.3.6281.
To identify the prevalence of body image dissatisfaction and associated factors among students in Salvador, Brazil.
A cross-sectional study involving a random sample of 1,494 (852 girls and 642 boys) adolescents between 11 and 17 years of age who were students in the public schools in Salvador, Brazil. Participants completed the Body Shape Questionnaire and the Eating Attitudes Test-26. Body image was characterized as satisfactory or unsatisfactory. We obtained demographic, anthropometric and economic information and information regarding the stage of maturation, self-perception of body weight, and consumption of sweetened beverages and diet soft drinks. To identify associated factors we used Poisson regression analysis.
Body image dissatisfaction was present in 19.5% of the adolescents, with a prevalence of 26.6% among the girls and 10% among the boys. Independent of sex, the prevalence of body image dissatisfaction was higher among adolescents who were overweight or obese (girls, PR: 1.38, CI: 1.09-1.73 and boys, PR: 2.26, CI: 1.08-4.75), higher among those who perceived themselves as fat (girls, PR: 2.85, CI: 2.07-3.93 and boys, PR: 3.17, CI: 1.39-7.23), and higher among those who had negative attitudes toward eating (girls, PR: 2.42, CI: 1.91-3.08 and boys, PR: 4.67, CI: 2.85-7.63).. A reduction in body image dissatisfaction was only identified among underweight girls (PR: 0.12, CI: 0.03-0.49).
A high occurrence of body image dissatisfaction was observed among the adolescents, and biological and behavioral factors were associated with this dissatisfaction.
确定巴西萨尔瓦多市学生身体意象不满的患病率及其相关因素。
一项横断面研究，随机抽取了1494名年龄在11至17岁之间的青少年（852名女孩和642名男孩）作为样本，这些青少年均为巴西萨尔瓦多市公立学校的学生。参与者完成了身体形状问卷和饮食态度测试-26。身体意象被界定为满意或不满意。我们获取了人口统计学、人体测量学和经济信息，以及有关成熟阶段、对体重的自我认知、甜味饮料和无糖软饮料消费情况的信息。为了确定相关因素，我们采用了泊松回归分析。
19.5%的青少年存在身体意象不满，其中女孩的患病率为26.6%，男孩为10%。不考虑性别因素，超重或肥胖的青少年身体意象不满的患病率更高（女孩，PR：1.38，CI：1.09 - 1.73；男孩，PR：2.26，CI：1.08 - 4.75），自认为胖的青少年患病率更高（女孩，PR：2.85，CI：2.07 - 3.93；男孩，PR：3.17，CI：1.39 - 7.23），对饮食持消极态度的青少年患病率更高（女孩，PR：2.42，CI：1.91 - 3.08；男孩，PR：4.67，CI：2.85 - 7.63）。仅在体重过轻的女孩中发现身体意象不满有所减少（PR：0.12，CI：0.03 - 0.49）。
在青少年中观察到身体意象不满的发生率较高，生物学和行为因素与这种不满有关。
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