巴西萨尔瓦多公立学校青少年采取极端体重控制行为的风险因素：一项病例对照研究

Risk Factors for Adopting Extreme Weight-Control Behaviors among Public School Adolescents in Salvador, Brazil: A Case-Control Study.

作者信息

de Santana Mônica Leila Portela, Assis Ana Marlúcia Oliveira, Silva Rita de Cássia Ribeiro, Raich Rosa María, Machado Maria Ester Pereira da Conceição, Pinto Elizabete de Jesus, de Moraes Lia Terezinha Lana Pimenta, Ribeiro Hugo da Costa

机构信息

a Department of Nutritional Science , Federal University of Bahia , Salvador , Bahia , BRAZIL.

d Department of Clinical and Health Psychology , Autonomous University of Barcelona , Barcelona , SPAIN.

出版信息

J Am Coll Nutr. 2016;35(2):113-7. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2014.951903. Epub 2015 Apr 11.

DOI:10.1080/07315724.2014.951903

PMID:25866262

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

This study identifies the risk factors for extreme weight-control behaviors among adolescents in public school in Salvador, northeastern Brazil.

METHODS

A case-control study nested to a cross-sectional study, including 252 adolescents of both sexes, age between 11 to 17 years, with 84 cases and 168 age-matched controls was conducted. The variable outcome is represented by extreme weight-control behaviors, integrated by following the variables: self-induced vomiting and the use of laxatives, diuretics, or diet pills. Covariables included body image dissatisfaction, dieting, prolonged fasting, and self-perception of body weight. The study also investigated the demographic and anthropometric variables and economic conditions of the students' families. Conditional logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for the adoption of extreme weight-control behaviors among adolescents.

RESULTS

Among the adolescents investigated, the conditional logistic regression explained 22% the occurrence of extreme weight-control behaviors and showed that these behaviors were positively associated to overweight (odds ratio [OR] = 3.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.42-9.17), body image dissatisfaction (OR = 3.87; 95% CI, 1.75-8.54), and the adoption of a restrictive diet (OR = 2.83; 95% CI, 1.16-6.91).

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study suggest that among adolescents, overweight, body image dissatisfaction, and restrictive diet are important risk factors to adoption of extreme weight-control behaviors.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在确定巴西东北部萨尔瓦多市公立学校青少年极端体重控制行为的风险因素。

方法

一项嵌套于横断面研究的病例对照研究，纳入了252名年龄在11至17岁之间的青少年，其中84例为病例组，168例为年龄匹配的对照组。以极端体重控制行为作为变量结果，该行为由以下变量综合而成：自我催吐以及使用泻药、利尿剂或减肥药。协变量包括身体形象不满意、节食、长时间禁食以及对体重的自我认知。该研究还调查了学生家庭的人口统计学、人体测量学变量以及经济状况。采用条件逻辑回归来确定青少年采取极端体重控制行为的风险因素。

结果

在被调查的青少年中，条件逻辑回归解释了极端体重控制行为发生情况的22%，并表明这些行为与超重（优势比[OR]=3.61；95%置信区间[CI]，1.42 - 9.17）、身体形象不满意（OR = 3.87；95% CI，1.75 - 8.54）以及采取限制性饮食（OR = 2.83；95% CI，1.16 - 6.91）呈正相关。