a Psychology Department , University of Maryland , College Park , MD , USA.
Psychother Res. 2014;24(3):299-315. doi: 10.1080/10503307.2013.812262. Epub 2013 Jul 12.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the use and perceived effects of immediacy in 16 cases of open-ended psychodynamic psychotherapy. Of 234 immediacy events, most were initiated by therapists and involved exploration of unexpressed or covert feelings. Immediacy occurred during approximately 5% of time in therapy. Clients indicated in post-therapy interviews that they remembered and profited from immediacy, with the most typical observed consequences being clients expressing feelings about the therapist/therapy and opening up/gaining insight. Amount of immediacy was associated with therapists' but not clients' ratings of session process and outcome. Therapists focused more on feelings and less on ruptures, and initiated immediacy more often with fearfully than with securely attached clients. Implications for practice, training, and research are offered.
本研究旨在探讨在 16 例开放式精神动力心理治疗中即时性的使用和感知效果。在 234 个即时性事件中，大多数是由治疗师发起的，涉及对未表达或隐藏的感受的探索。即时性发生在治疗过程中的大约 5%的时间内。客户在治疗后访谈中表示，他们记得并受益于即时性，最典型的观察后果是客户表达对治疗师/治疗的感受，并敞开心扉/获得洞察力。即时性的数量与治疗师的而不是客户的治疗过程和结果评估有关。治疗师更关注感受，较少关注破裂，并且更频繁地在害怕而非安全依恋的客户中发起即时性。为实践、培训和研究提供了启示。
