Wellington David, Mikaelian Igor, Singer Laura
Hoffmann-La Roche, Department of Comparative Medicine, Nutley, NJ, USA.
J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 2013 Jul;52(4):481-7.
We compared ketamine-xylazine (K, 100 mg/kg; X, 10 mg/kg) and ketamine-dexmedetomidine (K, 75 mg/kg; D, 1.0 mg/kg) for their ability to produce anesthesia, their tissue tolerance, and the reversibility of their effects by atipamezole (1.0 mg/kg) after intraperitoneal administration to Wistar Han rats. Both anesthetic combinations led to a comparable level of anesthesia over a 30-min period. However, the administration of KD led to a 20% decrease in heart rate, 33% decrease in respiratory rate, and a 20% decrease in peripheral oxygen saturation from baseline levels. Intraperitoneal administration of saline and both anesthetic combinations was associated with mild transient increases in serum ALT and AST concentrations in the absence of histomorphologic findings in liver. Muscle and tissue necrosis at the intraperitoneal injection sites correlated with increases in serum creatine kinase concentrations in rats given KD or KX; these increases were more severe in the KX group than the KD group. Compared with KX, intraperitoneal administration of KD offered better local tolerance and anesthesia of similar quality and depth.
我们比较了氯胺酮-甲苯噻嗪（K，100毫克/千克；X，10毫克/千克）和氯胺酮-右美托咪定（K，75毫克/千克；D，1.0毫克/千克）对Wistar Han大鼠腹腔注射后产生麻醉的能力、组织耐受性以及阿替美唑（1.0毫克/千克）对其作用的可逆性。两种麻醉组合在30分钟内导致的麻醉水平相当。然而，给予KD导致心率下降20%，呼吸频率下降33%，外周血氧饱和度较基线水平下降20%。腹腔注射生理盐水和两种麻醉组合均与血清ALT和AST浓度轻度短暂升高相关，肝脏无组织形态学改变。腹腔注射部位的肌肉和组织坏死与给予KD或KX的大鼠血清肌酸激酶浓度升高相关；这些升高在KX组比KD组更严重。与KX相比，腹腔注射KD具有更好的局部耐受性，且麻醉质量和深度相似。
