威廉·H·斯图尔特医生无罪开释：揭穿一个都市传说。
On the exoneration of Dr. William H. Stewart: debunking an urban legend.
机构信息
Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA.
出版信息
Infect Dis Poverty. 2013 Feb 18;2(1):3. doi: 10.1186/2049-9957-2-3.
BACKGROUND
It is one of the most infamous quotes in the history of biomedicine: "It is time to close the book on infectious diseases, and declare the war against pestilence won." Long attributed to the United States Surgeon General, Dr. William H. Stewart (1965-1969), the statement is frequently used as a foil by scientific and lay authors to underscore the ever-increasing problems of antibiotic-resistant and emerging infections. However, the primary source for the quote has never been identified.
METHODS
We undertook a comprehensive search of multiple databases encompassing medical literature, news articles, and congressional records to attempt to identify sources for the quote.
RESULTS
No source of the quote was identified. However, a trail of source documents was identified that clearly serves as the basis for subsequent, incorrect attribution of the quote to Dr. Stewart. In multiple source documents, Dr. Stewart made statements to the opposite effect, clearly recognizing that infectious diseases had not been conquered. The urban legend was created by a combination of lack of primary witnesses to the originating speech, misunderstanding of points made by Dr. Stewart in the speech, and increasing societal concern about emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases.
CONCLUSIONS
Attribution to Dr. Stewart of a belief that it was time to close the book on infectious diseases is an urban legend; he never made any such statement. Numerous other verifiable sources, however, confirm that other people in academia adopted this belief. Dr. Stewart should no longer be cited in this regard, and should be replaced with verifiable sources.
背景
这是生物医学史上最臭名昭著的引语之一：“是时候合上传染病的书，宣布对抗瘟疫的战争胜利了。”这句话长期以来被归因于美国外科医生主任威廉·H·斯图尔特博士（1965-1969 年），经常被科学和非专业作者用作衬托，以强调抗生素耐药和新出现的感染问题日益严重。然而，该引语的主要来源从未被确定。
方法
我们进行了全面搜索，涵盖医学文献、新闻文章和国会记录，试图确定该引语的来源。
结果
没有找到该引语的出处。然而，我们发现了一系列的来源文件，这些文件显然是后来将该引语错误归因于斯图尔特博士的基础。在多个来源文件中，斯图尔特博士发表了相反的声明，明确认识到传染病尚未被征服。这个传闻是由于缺乏对原始演讲的主要证人、对斯图尔特博士在演讲中观点的误解以及对新发和再发传染病的日益关注而产生的。
结论
将“斯图尔特博士认为现在是时候结束传染病时代”这一观点归因于他是一个传闻；他从未发表过这样的声明。然而，许多其他可核实的来源证实，学术界的其他人也接受了这一观点。在这方面，不应再引用斯图尔特博士，而应引用可核实的来源。
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