Master's Degree in Psychology, Departamento de Psicologia, Laboratório de Análise e Prevenção da Violência, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2013 Sep-Oct;89(5):426-33. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2013.01.011. Epub 2013 Jul 11.
To review the scientific literature on pediatric abusive head trauma as a form of physical abuse against infants and young children, highlighting the prevalence, signs and symptoms, consequences, risk factors for its occurrence, and prevention strategies.
The MEDLINE, SciELO, LILACS, and Web of Science databases from 2001 to 2012 were reviewed, using the terms "shaken baby syndrome" and "abusive head trauma" in English, Spanish, and Portuguese.
Pediatric abusive head trauma is defined as injury to the skull or intracranial contents of a infant or child younger than 5 years due to intentional abrupt impact and/or violent shaking. It occurs mainly in infants and children under 1 year of age, and may result in severe consequences, from physical or mental disabilities to death. Although there are specific signs for this form of abuse, they can be mistaken for common illnesses in children or accidental head injury; thus, clinical training of professionals involved in the assessment of cases to attain the correct diagnosis is crucial. Prevention strategies should include early identification of cases, as well as parental education on child development, especially on the infant's crying pattern.
Considering the severity of abusive head trauma in children, it is critical that prevention strategies be implemented and evaluated in the Brazilian context. It is suggested that its incidence indicators be assessed at the national level.
回顾儿科虐待性头部创伤作为针对婴儿和幼儿的身体虐待形式的科学文献，重点介绍其流行率、体征和症状、后果、发生的危险因素以及预防策略。
对 2001 年至 2012 年间的 MEDLINE、SciELO、LILACS 和 Web of Science 数据库进行了回顾，使用英文、西班牙文和葡萄牙文的“摇晃婴儿综合征”和“虐待性头部创伤”术语。
儿科虐待性头部创伤是指由于故意突然撞击和/或剧烈摇晃而导致 5 岁以下婴儿或儿童颅骨或颅内内容物受伤。它主要发生在 1 岁以下的婴儿和儿童中，可能导致严重后果，从身体或精神残疾到死亡。尽管这种形式的虐待有特定的迹象，但它们可能被误认为是儿童常见的疾病或意外头部损伤；因此，参与评估病例以获得正确诊断的专业人员的临床培训至关重要。预防策略应包括早期识别病例，以及对父母进行儿童发育教育，特别是对婴儿的哭声模式进行教育。
考虑到儿童虐待性头部创伤的严重性，必须在巴西语境下实施和评估预防策略。建议在国家层面评估其发病率指标。
