Séguin M, Gagner C, Tuerk C, Lacombe Barrios J, MacKay P, Beauchamp M H
Department of Psychology, University of Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Neuropsychol Rev. 2022 Dec;32(4):906-936. doi: 10.1007/s11065-021-09517-0. Epub 2022 Jan 7.
There is increasing empirical focus on the effects of early traumatic brain injuries (TBI; i.e., before the age of six years) on child development, but this literature has never been synthetized comprehensively. This systematic review aimed to document the cognitive, academic, behavioral, socio-affective, and adaptive consequences of early TBI. Four databases (Medline, PsycNET, CINAHL, PubMed) were systematically searched from 1990 to 2019 using key terms pertaining to TBI and early childhood. Of 12, 153 articles identified in the initial search, 43 were included. Children who sustain early TBI are at-risk for a range of difficulties, which are generally worse when injury is sustained at a younger age, injury severity is moderate to severe, and injury mechanisms are non-accidental. Early childhood is a sensitive period for the emergence and development of new skills and behaviors, and brain disruption during this time is not benign. Research, clinical management, intervention, and prevention efforts should be further developed with consideration of the unique characteristics of the early childhood period.
目前，越来越多的实证研究聚焦于早期创伤性脑损伤（TBI，即六岁之前发生的脑损伤）对儿童发育的影响，但这方面的文献从未得到全面综合。本系统综述旨在记录早期TBI在认知、学业、行为、社会情感和适应性方面的后果。使用与TBI和幼儿期相关的关键词，对1990年至2019年期间的四个数据库（医学索引数据库、心理学文摘数据库、护理学与健康领域数据库、医学期刊数据库）进行了系统检索。在初步检索中识别出的12153篇文章中，纳入了43篇。遭受早期TBI的儿童面临一系列困难的风险，当受伤时年龄较小、损伤严重程度为中度至重度且损伤机制为非意外性时，这些困难通常会更严重。幼儿期是新技能和行为出现及发展的敏感期，在此期间大脑受到干扰并非无害。应结合幼儿期的独特特征，进一步开展研究、临床管理、干预和预防工作。
