Mori C, Maeda H, Yuasa A
Asahikawa Meat Inspection Center, Hokkaido, Japan.
Nihon Juigaku Zasshi. 1990 Jun;52(3):613-20. doi: 10.1292/jvms1939.52.613.
Sixty-five of 77 slaughtered pigs with liver degeneration produced dark firm dry (DFD) meat. The biochemical properties of blood, liver and muscle of those pigs were examined. In the blood, the NEFA level was higher, which indicated the mobilization of lipids from adipose tissues. The serum CPK and LDH5 levels were higher, the enzymes being derived from muscle. In the degenerative liver with yellowish discoloration, the TG level was higher and the glycogen level was lower than in a normal liver. In the DFD muscle with the final pH above 6.0, both the glycogen level immediately after slaughter and the lactic acid level 24 hr after slaughter were lower than in a normal muscle with the final pH below 6.0. Five pigs exhausted experimentally by 53-hr fasting and hard exercise showed the same changes in the blood and liver as the pigs with liver degeneration. Four of the 5 exhausted pigs showed the same changes in the muscle as in DFD meat. From these data, it was confirmed that exhaustion before slaughter led to lipid accumulation in the liver and to a decrease in muscle glycogen, and consequently caused both liver degeneration and DFD meat in the same pig.
77头屠宰猪中有65头出现肝脏退化，产生了黑干硬肉（DFD肉）。对这些猪的血液、肝脏和肌肉的生化特性进行了检测。血液中，非酯化脂肪酸（NEFA）水平较高，这表明脂肪组织中的脂质发生了动员。血清肌酸磷酸激酶（CPK）和乳酸脱氢酶5（LDH5）水平较高，这些酶来源于肌肉。在出现淡黄色变色的退化肝脏中，甘油三酯（TG）水平较高，糖原水平低于正常肝脏。在最终pH值高于6.0的DFD肌肉中，屠宰后立即测定的糖原水平和屠宰后24小时的乳酸水平均低于最终pH值低于6.0的正常肌肉。通过53小时禁食和剧烈运动实验性耗尽体力的5头猪，其血液和肝脏出现了与肝脏退化猪相同的变化。5头耗尽体力的猪中有4头肌肉出现了与DFD肉相同的变化。根据这些数据，证实屠宰前的体力耗尽导致肝脏脂质积累和肌肉糖原减少，从而在同一头猪身上既造成肝脏退化又产生DFD肉。
