UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Division Health Science, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
Toxicol In Vitro. 2013 Sep;27(6):1970-8. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2013.06.019. Epub 2013 Jul 10.
The mycotoxins patulin, gliotoxin and sterigmatocystin can be produced by common indoor moulds and enter the human body via inhalation of mycotoxin containing spores and particulates. There are various studies about the individual effects of these mycotoxins, but a lack of knowledge about their effects in mixtures. The aim of this study was to evaluate combined effects on the singe celled organism Tetrahymena pyriformis. Using the MIXTOX model (EU project NOMIRACLE) synergistic or antagonistic effects with dose level deviation or dose ratio dependent deviation were analyzed. The most toxic compound gliotoxin (EC50 0.37 μM) and patulin (EC50 9.3 μM) as shown by the MIXTOX model acted synergistic, caused by similar mode of actions. Within the combination with sterigmatocystin (maximum inhibition of 45% at 12.5 μM) antagonistic effects were observed with switch to synergism if the toxicity of the mixture is mainly caused by sterigmatocystin. In the end the MIXTOX model was applicable for the prediction of combined effects of toxic compounds.
棒曲霉素、展青霉素和桔青霉素可由常见室内霉菌产生，并通过吸入含霉菌孢子和颗粒的物质进入人体。已有多项研究探讨了这些霉菌毒素的单独作用，但对它们在混合物中的作用知之甚少。本研究旨在评估对单细胞生物梨形四膜虫的联合作用。采用 MIXTOX 模型（欧盟 NOMIRACLE 项目），分析了剂量水平偏差或剂量比依赖性偏差的协同或拮抗作用。毒性最强的化合物展青霉素（EC50 为 0.37 μM）和棒曲霉素（EC50 为 9.3 μM）表现出协同作用，这是由于它们具有相似的作用方式。在与桔青霉素（在 12.5 μM 时最大抑制率为 45%）的组合中，如果混合物的毒性主要由桔青霉素引起，则观察到拮抗作用，随后协同作用增强。最终，MIXTOX 模型可用于预测有毒化合物的联合作用。
