Pivonka Daniel, Yakovlev Anatoly, Poon Ada S Y, Meng Teresa
Electrical Engineering Department, Stanford University, Stanford,CA 94305, USA.
IEEE Trans Biomed Circuits Syst. 2012 Dec;6(6):523-32. doi: 10.1109/TBCAS.2012.2232665.
A wirelessly powered and controlled implantable device capable of locomotion in a fluid medium is presented. Two scalable low-power propulsion methods are described that achieve roughly an order of magnitude better performance than existing methods in terms of thrust conversion efficiency. The wireless prototype occupies 0.6 mm × 1 mm in 65 nm CMOS with an external 2 mm × 2 mm receive antenna. The IC consists of a matching network, a rectifier, a bandgap reference, a regulator, a demodulator, a digital controller, and high-current drivers that interface directly with the propulsion system. It receives 500 μW from a 2 W 1.86 GHz power signal at a distance of 5 cm. Asynchronous pulse-width modulation on the carrier allows for data rates from 2.5-25 Mbps with energy efficiency of 0.5 pJ/b at 10 Mbps. The received data configures the propulsion system drivers, which are capable of driving up to 2 mA at 0.2 V and can achieve speed of 0.53 cm/sec in a 0.06 T magnetic field.
本文展示了一种能够在流体介质中移动的无线供电和控制的植入式设备。描述了两种可扩展的低功率推进方法，在推力转换效率方面，这两种方法比现有方法的性能提高了大约一个数量级。该无线原型在65纳米互补金属氧化物半导体中占据0.6毫米×1毫米的面积，并带有一个2毫米×2毫米的外部接收天线。该集成电路由一个匹配网络、一个整流器、一个带隙基准、一个调节器、一个解调器、一个数字控制器以及直接与推进系统接口的高电流驱动器组成。它在5厘米的距离处从一个2瓦、1.86吉赫兹的功率信号接收500微瓦的功率。载波上的异步脉宽调制允许数据速率为2.5 - 25兆比特每秒，在10兆比特每秒时能量效率为0.5皮焦/比特。接收到的数据配置推进系统驱动器，该驱动器能够在0.2伏电压下驱动高达2毫安的电流，并且在0.06特斯拉的磁场中能够达到0.53厘米/秒的速度。
