用科学为梦游者辩护及案例说明。
Defending sleepwalkers with science and an illustrative case.
机构信息
Rush University Medical Center, Graduate College, Neuroscience Program, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
出版信息
J Clin Sleep Med. 2013 Jul 15;9(7):721-6. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.2852.
OBJECTIVE
To test whether laboratory-based research differentiating sleepwalkers (SW) from controls (C) can be applied in an uncontrolled forensic case as evidence the alleged crime was committed during an arousal from sleep in which the mind is not fully conscious due to a SW disorder.
METHODS
A PSG study recorded 8 months after the defendant was charged was analyzed independently by spectral analysis. Slow wave activity (SWA) and cyclic alternating pattern (CAP) rates were computed. Clinical interviews and police records were reviewed for data re: the defendant's sleep prior to the event and use of drugs, alcohol, and stimulants.
RESULTS
The SWA distribution was abnormally low and flat, significantly lower than published controls; in the first NREM cycle, CAP rate 55 was above normal. Two weeks of prior sleep deprivation was confirmed from interviews and defendant's observed daytime sleepiness. Caffeine intake the day before the event was calculated at 826 mg over 14 hours. Snoring and a mild breathing disorder were present in the PSG.
CONCLUSION
Testimony based on spectral analysis of PSG recorded following an alleged criminal event supported a SW explanation for the non-rational behaviors charged. The defendant was acquitted of all charges and has been successfully treated.
目的
检验基于实验室的研究是否可以将梦游者（SW）与对照组（C）区分开来，并将其作为证据应用于非控制的法医案例中，证明所指控的犯罪是在睡眠觉醒期间发生的，由于 SW 障碍，大脑没有完全清醒。
方法
对被告被指控 8 个月后进行的 PSG 研究进行独立的频谱分析。计算慢波活动（SWA）和周期性交替模式（CAP）的速率。对临床访谈和警方记录进行了审查，以获取有关被告在事件发生前的睡眠以及药物、酒精和兴奋剂使用的数据。
结果
SWA 分布异常低和平坦，明显低于已发表的对照组；在第一个非快速眼动周期中，CAP 率 55 高于正常。从访谈和被告观察到的白天嗜睡中证实了前两周的睡眠剥夺。根据事件发生前一天的咖啡因摄入量计算，14 小时内摄入了 826 毫克咖啡因。PSG 中存在打鼾和轻度呼吸障碍。
结论
基于对涉嫌犯罪事件后记录的 PSG 的频谱分析得出的证言支持了对被控非理性行为的 SW 解释。被告被宣告无罪，并且已经成功治疗。
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