Programa de Pós Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2013 May-Jun;46(3):329-34. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0070-2012.
Leprosy remains a relevant public health issue in Brazil. The objective of this study was to analyze the spatial distribution of new cases of leprosy and to detect areas with higher risks of disease in the City of Vitória.
The study was ecologically based on the spatial distribution of leprosy in the City of Vitória, State of Espírito Santo between 2005 and 2009. The data sources used came from the available records of the State Health Secretary of Espírito Santo. A global and local empirical Bayesian method was used in the spatial analysis to produce a leprosy risk estimation, and the fluctuation effect was smoothed from the detection coefficients.
The study used thematic maps to illustrate that leprosy is distributed heterogeneously between the neighborhoods and that it is possible to identify areas with high risk of disease. The Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.926 (p = 0.001) for the Local Method indicated highly correlated coefficients. The Moran index was calculated to evaluate correlations between the incidences of adjoining districts.
We identified the spatial contexts in which there were the highest incidence rates of leprosy in Vitória during the studied period. The results contribute to the knowledge of the spatial distribution of leprosy in the City of Vitória, which can help establish more cost-effective control strategies because they indicate specific regions and priority planning activities that can interfere with the transmission chain.
麻风病在巴西仍然是一个重要的公共卫生问题。本研究的目的是分析新麻风病例的空间分布，并发现维多利亚市疾病高发地区。
本研究基于 2005 年至 2009 年期间巴西圣埃斯皮里图州维多利亚市麻风病的空间分布进行了生态研究。所使用的数据来源来自圣埃斯皮里图州卫生部长的现有记录。在空间分析中使用全局和局部经验贝叶斯方法来生成麻风病风险估计，并从检测系数中平滑波动效应。
该研究使用专题地图来说明麻风病在邻里之间呈不均匀分布，并且可以识别出疾病高风险地区。局部方法的 Pearson 相关系数为 0.926（p = 0.001），表明相关系数高度相关。计算了 Moran 指数以评估毗邻地区发病率之间的相关性。
我们确定了在研究期间维多利亚市麻风病发病率最高的空间背景。这些结果有助于了解维多利亚市麻风病的空间分布，这有助于制定更具成本效益的控制策略，因为它们表明了具体的区域和优先规划活动，可以干扰传播链。
