Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute FLI, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Braunschweig, Germany.
Arch Anim Nutr. 2013 Aug;67(4):314-29. doi: 10.1080/1745039X.2013.818762. Epub 2013 Jul 16.
Deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) contaminated maize was hydrothermally treated in the presence of sodium metabisulphite (SBS), methylamine and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and included into diets for female piglets to evaluate effects on performance, organ weights, development of hyperestrogenism, serum biochemical parameters, stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and toxin residues in serum. For this purpose, both uncontaminated maize (CON) and Fusarium toxin-contaminated maize (FUS) were included into diets either untreated (-) or treated (+) according to a 2 by 2-factorial design. One-hundred female weaned piglets were assigned to one of the four treatment groups (n = 25) CON-, CON+, FUS- and FUS+ with DON/ZEN concentrations of 0.43/0.03, 0.04/0.0, 3.67/0.32 and 0.36/0.08 mg per kg diet, respectively. After a feeding period of 27 days, 20 piglets (n = 5) were slaughtered. Performance parameters such as feed intake, live weight gain and feed-to-gain ratio remained unaffected by the treatments. Uterus weights were significantly reduced in group FUS+ compared to FUS- (p = 0.028), while visceral organ weights were not influenced. Vulva width in relation to body weight was highest in group FUS- at the end of the trial, while hydrothermal treatment significantly reduced the parameter (p < 0.01). The highest toxin and toxin metabolite concentrations in serum were detected in group FUS-, whereas ingestion of diet FUS+ reduced the concentrations to the level of the control groups. Serum biochemical and haematological parameters were mainly within the given reference ranges and showed no treatment-related alterations. Stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was not affected. An effective detoxification of maize by hydrothermal treatment in the presence of SBS, methylamine and Ca(OH)2 could be demonstrated by means of serum toxin analyses. No undesired side effects of the treated-feed stuff or the chemicals themselves on the health of piglets were detected.
脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）和玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEN）污染的玉米经亚硫酸氢钠（SBS）、甲胺和氢氧化钙（Ca（OH）2）水热处理，并添加到母猪的饲料中，以评估其对性能、器官重量、雌激素过度发育、血清生化参数、外周血单个核细胞刺激和血清毒素残留的影响。为此，将未受污染的玉米（CON）和受镰刀菌毒素污染的玉米（FUS）分别纳入未处理（-）或根据 2x2 因子设计进行处理（+）的饲料中。100 头断奶仔猪被分配到四个处理组之一（n = 25），CON-、CON+、FUS-和 FUS+，饲料中的 DON/ZEN 浓度分别为 0.43/0.03、0.04/0.0、3.67/0.32 和 0.36/0.08mg/kg 饲料。在 27 天的饲养期后，20 头仔猪（n = 5）被屠宰。处理对采食量、活体重增加和饲料增重比等性能参数没有影响。与 FUS-相比，FUS+组的子宫重量显著降低（p = 0.028），而内脏器官重量不受影响。试验结束时，FUS-组的体重相关外阴宽度最高，而水热处理显著降低了该参数（p <0.01）。血清中检测到的最高毒素和毒素代谢物浓度在 FUS-组中，而摄入 FUS+日粮可将浓度降低至对照组水平。血清生化和血液学参数主要在给定的参考范围内，与处理无关。外周血单个核细胞的刺激不受影响。通过血清毒素分析证明，在 SBS、甲胺和 Ca（OH）2 的存在下，对玉米进行水热解毒是有效的。未检测到处理后的饲料或化学物质本身对仔猪健康产生不良的副作用。
