Khan Adnan Ahmad, Saleem Momina, Qureshi Huma, Jooma Rashid, Khan Ayesha
Research and Development Solutions, Islamabad, Pakistan.
J Pak Med Assoc. 2012 Nov;62(11):1149-53.
To determine the extent of shortfall in syringes by measuring the need from nationally validated sources and comparing it with position on the supply side. This was done in order to contribute to the ongoing national discussions that have focused on increasing syringe supply to curtail syringe reuse.
Using 'Injections received' data from the Pakistan Demographic Health Survey 2006-7 (N: 5429) and the National Hepatitis Survey (N: 47,043), the study estimated the number of injections received in Pakistan. We matched these against the local syringe production figures from the syringe manufacturers' association and import figures from the Federal Board of Revenue (FBR).
Approximately 731+/-867 million injections (5.1 12 injections per head) are received annually in Pakistan and around 861+/-961 million syringes are supplied to the open market. Overall, 52-77% Pakistanis receive at least one injection in any given year.
Injection need in Pakistan is among the highest worldwide but is completely matched by available syringe supplies, suggesting lower reuse than previously considered. However, highly prevalent Hepatitis B and C viruses suggest that even this reuse is a major public health concern and measures directed at both providers and recipients of injections are needed to curtail high injection need and syringe reuse.
通过衡量国家认可来源的需求并将其与供应方的情况进行比较，确定注射器短缺的程度。这样做是为了推动正在进行的全国性讨论，这些讨论聚焦于增加注射器供应以减少注射器重复使用。
利用2006 - 2007年巴基斯坦人口与健康调查（样本量：5429）和全国肝炎调查（样本量：47043）中的“接受注射情况”数据，该研究估算了巴基斯坦接受注射的次数。我们将这些数据与注射器制造商协会的本地注射器生产数据以及联邦税收委员会（FBR）的进口数据进行了匹配。
巴基斯坦每年大约接受7.31亿±8.67亿次注射（人均5.1 - 12次注射），约8.61亿±9.61亿支注射器供应到公开市场。总体而言，在任何给定年份，52% - 77%的巴基斯坦人至少接受一次注射。
巴基斯坦的注射需求在全球处于最高水平之一，但现有注射器供应完全能够满足需求，这表明注射器重复使用情况比之前认为的要低。然而，乙肝和丙肝病毒的高流行率表明，即便如此，注射器重复使用仍是一个重大的公共卫生问题，需要针对注射提供者和接受者采取措施，以减少高注射需求和注射器重复使用情况。
