Survey of sharp waste disposal system in clinics of New Karachi.

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that there are 350 million people with chronic HBV infection and 170 million people with chronic HCV infection worldwide. Hepatitis B is estimated to result in 563, 000 deaths and hepatitis C in 366, 000 deaths annually. Given its large population (180 million) and intermediate to high rates of infection, Pakistan is among the worst afflicted nations. The reuse of syringes and needles was a major factor contributing towards increased HCV prevalence. It was reported that there are several small groups involved in recycling and repacking of used unsterilized syringes, which were available in various drug stores. It was difficult for the public to differentiate between new sterilized syringes and recycled unsterilized syringes In Pakistan, the number of estimated injections per person per year ranged from 8.2 to 13.6, which was the highest among developing countries, out of which 94.2% were unnecessary. In 2000, the WHO recommended that countries should implement strategies to change the behaviour of health care workers and patients in order to decrease the over-use of injections, to ensure the practice of sterile syringes and needles, and to properly destroy sharp waste after use.