Frouin H, Haulena M, Akhurst L M F, Raverty S A, Ross P S
Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Institute of Ocean Sciences, 9860 West Saanich Rd, P.O. Box 6000, Sidney, BC, Canada V8L 4B2.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2013 Sep 1;155(1-2):98-109. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.06.011. Epub 2013 Jun 20.
Routine hematological and serum chemistry parameters are important tools for the evaluation of health and the treatment of marine mammals admitted to rehabilitation centers. The evaluation of phagocytosis, oxidative burst and immunoglobulin G (IgG), as markers of immune system function, and haptoglobin (Hp), as a stress marker, were evaluated alongside routine hematology and chemistry as potentially informative diagnostic tools for marine mammal health assessments. Blood samples from harbor seal pups (Phoca vitulina) admitted to (n=46), and released from (n=28), the Vancouver Aquarium's Marine Mammal Rescue Center (VAMMRC) were collected (1) to perform routine and novel functional approaches to evaluate the health of pups at admission; (2) to determine how these parameters changed during the rehabilitation process; and (3) to generate baseline values for reference purposes. Sodium was the only blood parameter which differed between seal pups that survived and those that died, with the surviving pups exhibiting higher levels on admission diagnostics. Positive correlations between total protein concentrations, IgG and Hp levels were observed with globulin concentrations of seal pups. Changes in serum chemistry values between admission and release included a decrease in red blood cells (RBCs), glucose, bicarbonate, total bilirubin, γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels, and an increase in mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell hemoglobin (MCH), mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), lymphocytes, eosinophils, urea, potassium, anion gap, calcium, phosphorus, total protein, albumin, globulin and osmolality levels. During the rehabilitation process, phagocytosis decreased, while Hp levels increased. Age and improved health appeared to underlie changes in these parameters during the rehabilitation period.
常规血液学和血清化学参数是评估健康状况以及治疗入住康复中心的海洋哺乳动物的重要工具。作为免疫系统功能标志物的吞噬作用、氧化爆发和免疫球蛋白G（IgG），以及作为应激标志物的触珠蛋白（Hp），与常规血液学和化学指标一起被评估，作为海洋哺乳动物健康评估中可能提供有用信息的诊断工具。采集了温哥华水族馆海洋哺乳动物救援中心（VAMMRC）收治的（n = 46）和放归的（n = 28）港海豹幼崽的血样，用于：（1）采用常规和新颖的功能方法评估幼崽入院时的健康状况；（2）确定这些参数在康复过程中的变化情况；（3）生成基线值以供参考。钠是存活和死亡海豹幼崽之间唯一存在差异的血液参数，存活幼崽在入院诊断时钠水平较高。观察到海豹幼崽的总蛋白浓度、IgG和Hp水平与球蛋白浓度呈正相关。入院和放归之间血清化学值的变化包括红细胞（RBC）、葡萄糖、碳酸氢盐、总胆红素、γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）水平降低，以及平均细胞体积（MCV）、平均细胞血红蛋白（MCH）、平均细胞血红蛋白浓度（MCHC）、淋巴细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、尿素、钾、阴离子间隙、钙、磷、总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白和渗透压水平升高。在康复过程中，吞噬作用下降，而Hp水平升高。年龄和健康状况改善似乎是康复期间这些参数变化的基础。
