Dedieu Philippe, Drigeard Charlène, Gjini Leila, Dal Maso Fabien, Zanone Pier-Giorgio
University of Toulouse, UPS, PRISSMH, France; Institut de Formation en Pedicurie Podologie, Toulouse, France.
Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2013 Aug;28(7):820-4. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2013.06.012. Epub 2013 Jul 19.
Several studies have described the biomechanical effects of foot orthotics, as well as their effects at the level of muscular recruitment. Although the latter effect is unlikely to be limited to muscular intensity, the temporal pattern of activity of the muscles involved in walking with orthoses is still unclear.
Twelve adults with everted static rearfoot posture higher than 5° of valgus participated in the study. For all participants, the kinematic data and the muscular temporal activity of the tibialis anterior, the soleus, the gastrocnemius medialis, the gastrocnemius lateralis and the peroneus longus were measured under two experimental conditions, walking with and without custom-made orthoses. Data were recorded and analyzed using a motion analysis and a surface EMG system.
The results showed that, when walking with insoles, the activity of the tibialis anterior, the soleus, the gastrocnemius medialis, the gastrocnemius lateralis and the peroneus longus is shorter than walking without orthoses. Furthermore, when walking with orthoses, the activity of the soleus and the gastrocnemius medialis is delayed.
Our study corroborates that the realignment of the calcaneus with the talus decreases the range of eversion and inversion of midfoot. Moreover, it reports noticeable modifications on the start time and the duration of the muscular activity of the tibialis anterior, soleus, gastrocnemii and peroneus longus while using foot orthoses.
多项研究描述了足部矫形器的生物力学效应及其在肌肉募集水平上的作用。尽管后一种效应不太可能仅限于肌肉强度，但佩戴矫形器行走时相关肌肉活动的时间模式仍不清楚。
12名静态后足外翻姿势大于5°的成年人参与了该研究。对所有参与者，在两种实验条件下测量胫骨前肌、比目鱼肌、腓肠肌内侧头、腓肠肌外侧头和腓骨长肌的运动学数据及肌肉活动时间，这两种条件分别是佩戴定制矫形器行走和不佩戴矫形器行走。使用运动分析和表面肌电图系统记录并分析数据。
结果显示，佩戴鞋垫行走时，胫骨前肌、比目鱼肌、腓肠肌内侧头、腓肠肌外侧头和腓骨长肌的活动时间比不佩戴矫形器行走时短。此外，佩戴矫形器行走时，比目鱼肌和腓肠肌内侧头的活动延迟。
我们的研究证实，跟骨与距骨的重新排列减少了中足的外翻和内翻范围。此外，研究报告了使用足部矫形器时胫骨前肌、比目鱼肌、腓肠肌和腓骨长肌的肌肉活动起始时间和持续时间有显著变化。
