Egg Safety and Quality Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Athens, GA 30605, USA.
Poult Sci. 2013 Aug;92(8):2221-5. doi: 10.3382/ps.2012-02799.
Alternative hen housing is becoming more commonplace in the egg market. However, a complete understanding of the implications for alternative housing systems on egg safety has not been achieved. The current study examines the impact of housing Hy-Line Brown, Hy-Line Silver Brown, and Barred Plymouth Rock hens in conventional cage, cage-free, and free range egg production systems on shell microbiology. Eggs were collected at 4 sampling periods. Egg shell emulsion pools were formed and enumerated for total aerobic organisms, Enterobacteriaceae, and yeast and mold counts. Hy-Line Brown and Hy-Line Silver Brown hens produced eggs with significantly (P < 0.05 and 0.001, respectively) different levels of aerobic organisms dependent on housing system. Eggs from conventional cages had significantly different (P < 0.05) levels of aerobic contamination in relation to hen strain with Hy-Line Silver Brown having the greatest (4.57 log cfu/mL). Hy-Line Brown and Barred Plymouth Rock hens produced eggs with significantly different (P < 0.01) levels of Enterobacteriaceae among housing systems with conventional caged eggs having the lowest level of contamination for the hen strains. There were no differences within each strain among housing systems for yeast and mold contamination. The study shows that hen strain has an effect on egg microbial levels for various housing systems, and egg safety should be considered when making hen strain selections for each housing system.
替代鸡舍在蛋鸡市场上越来越普遍。然而，对于替代鸡舍系统对蛋品安全的影响，还没有完全了解。本研究考察了在传统笼养、无笼养和散养蛋鸡生产系统中饲养海兰褐、海兰银褐和斑洛克母鸡对蛋壳微生物的影响。在 4 个采样期收集鸡蛋。形成蛋壳乳液池并对总需氧菌、肠杆菌科和酵母霉菌进行计数。海兰褐和海兰银褐母鸡所产的鸡蛋，其需氧菌水平因饲养系统而异，差异具有统计学意义（P < 0.05 和 0.001）。与母鸡品系有关，传统笼养鸡所产鸡蛋的需氧污染水平显著不同（P < 0.05），其中海兰银褐的污染水平最高（4.57 log cfu/mL）。海兰褐和斑洛克母鸡所产鸡蛋的肠杆菌科水平因饲养系统而异，其中传统笼养鸡所产鸡蛋的污染水平最低。在每个母鸡品系中，不同饲养系统之间的酵母霉菌污染水平没有差异。研究表明，母鸡品系对不同饲养系统的鸡蛋微生物水平有影响，在为每个饲养系统选择母鸡品系时，应考虑鸡蛋安全性。
