Casalino Gaia, Bozzo Giancarlo, Dinardo Francesca Rita, D'Amico Francesco, Dimuccio Michela Maria, Camarda Antonio, Ceci Edmondo, Romito Diana, Circella Elena
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", s.p. Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Oct 29;12(21):2978. doi: 10.3390/ani12212978.
Campylobacter (C.) jejuni and C. coli are responsible for food poisoning in humans. Laying hens may host the bacteria usually without developing symptoms. The aims of this paper were to evaluate the incidence of C. jejuni and C. coli infection in laying hen flocks housed in different rearing systems, the plasma levels of two welfare indicators (corticosterone and interleukin 6, IL-6) and the antimicrobial resistance of the detected Campylobacter strains. Two different flocks (1 and 2) from cage (A), barn (B) and aviary (C) farms were investigated. The highest (p < 0.05) levels of IL-6 were detected in laying hens housed in aviaries. A similar trend emerged in corticosterone level, although differences were found between C1 and C2. C. jejuni and C. coli were identified in 43.5% and 38.9% of birds, respectively. In total, 14 out of 177 (7.9%) hens simultaneously hosted C. jejuni and C. coli.C. jejuni was prevalently detected in hens housed in barns (B1: 53.3%; B2: 46.7%) and aviaries (C1: 34.6%; C2: 86.7%). Conversely, laying hens housed in cages were significantly exposed to infection of C. coli (A1: 41.9%; A2: 80%) while, regarding barns and aviaries, a significant prevalence emerged only in flocks B2 (40%) and C1 (54.8%). Simultaneous infection was statistically significant in barn B1 (36.7%). Antibiotic resistance was mainly detected among C. coli strains, and it was most frequent for fluoroquinolones and tetracycline. Multidrug resistance was also found in C. jejuni (19.7%) and C. coli (17.5%) strains. Based on the results of this study, we recommend increasing biosecurity and hygienic measures to manage hen flocks.
空肠弯曲菌和结肠弯曲菌是导致人类食物中毒的原因。产蛋母鸡可能携带这些细菌，但通常不会出现症状。本文的目的是评估不同饲养系统中蛋鸡群中空肠弯曲菌和结肠弯曲菌感染的发生率、两种福利指标（皮质酮和白细胞介素6，IL-6）的血浆水平以及检测到的弯曲菌菌株的抗菌耐药性。对来自笼养（A）、舍饲（B）和散养（C）农场的两个不同鸡群（1和2）进行了调查。在散养蛋鸡中检测到最高（p < 0.05）水平的IL-6。皮质酮水平也出现了类似趋势，尽管在C1和C2之间发现了差异。空肠弯曲菌和结肠弯曲菌分别在43.5%和38.9%的鸡中被鉴定出来。总共177只母鸡中有14只（7.9%）同时携带空肠弯曲菌和结肠弯曲菌。空肠弯曲菌在舍饲（B1：53.3%；B2：46.7%）和散养（C1：34.6%；C2：86.7%）的母鸡中普遍被检测到。相反，笼养蛋鸡显著易受结肠弯曲菌感染（A1：41.9%；A2：80%），而对于舍饲和散养，仅在鸡群B2（40%）和C1（54.8%）中出现显著的流行率。在舍饲B1中同时感染具有统计学意义（36.7%）。抗生素耐药性主要在结肠弯曲菌菌株中检测到，氟喹诺酮类和四环素类最为常见。在空肠弯曲菌（19.7%）和结肠弯曲菌（17.5%）菌株中也发现了多重耐药性。基于本研究结果，我们建议加强生物安全和卫生措施来管理鸡群。
