Gouyon J-B, Ferdynus C, Quantin C
Centre d'études périnatales de l'Océan Indien, groupe hospitalier Sud Réunion, CHU, BP 350, avenue François-Mitterrand, 97448 Saint-Pierre cedex, France.
Arch Pediatr. 2013 Sep;20(9):1039-45. doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2013.06.017. Epub 2013 Jul 19.
Intrauterine growth restriction indicates that a fetus is unable to achieve its growth potential. The individual growth potential is approximated by customization of growth charts. Neonatal growth charts rely on body weight measures at birth while fetal growth charts rely on body weight estimated from biometric measurements of the fetus. The neonatal and fetal growth charts are not equivalent and have different meanings for epidemiologists and clinicians. Fetal growth charts also assess fetal growth velocity, but individual assessment of fetal weight may be flawed by lack of precision. Neonatal charts are constructed based on data obtained in the whole population or in a subgroup without gestational diseases. The two types of neonatal charts markedly differ at low gestational ages as 30% of preterm infants present intrauterine growth restriction, usually due to maternal diseases. Even if intrauterine growth restriction is a risk factor of fetal mortality, neonatal mortality, and short- and long-term morbidity, the predictive value of the charts (whether or not they are customized) at an individual level is low and may be improved by additional investigations.
宫内生长受限表明胎儿无法实现其生长潜力。个体生长潜力通过生长图表的定制来估算。新生儿生长图表依赖于出生时的体重测量，而胎儿生长图表则依赖于根据胎儿生物测量估计的体重。新生儿和胎儿生长图表并不等同，对流行病学家和临床医生具有不同的意义。胎儿生长图表还评估胎儿生长速度，但由于缺乏精确性，对胎儿体重的个体评估可能存在缺陷。新生儿图表是基于在整个人群或无妊娠疾病的亚组中获得的数据构建的。两种类型的新生儿图表在低胎龄时明显不同，因为30%的早产儿存在宫内生长受限，通常是由于母体疾病。即使宫内生长受限是胎儿死亡、新生儿死亡以及短期和长期发病的危险因素，但图表（无论是否定制）在个体水平上的预测价值较低，可能需要通过额外的检查来提高。
