Blecic Serge, Rynkowski Michal, De Witte Olivier, Lefranc Florence
Service de neurologie, Epicura, 7800 Ath, Belgique.
Bull Cancer. 2013 Sep;100(9):829-35. doi: 10.1684/bdc.2013.1781.
In this review article, we describe the unrecognized roles of glutamate and glutamate receptors in malignant glioma biology. The neurotransmitter glutamate released from malignant glioma cells in the extracellular matrix is responsible for seizure induction and at higher concentration neuronal cell death. This neuronal cell death will create vacated place for tumor growth. Glutamate also stimulates the growth and the migration of glial tumor cells by means of the activation of glutamate receptors on glioma cells in a paracrine and autocrine manner. The multitude of effects of glutamate in glioma biology supports the rationale for pharmacological targeting of glutamate receptors and transporters in the adjuvant treatment of malignant gliomas in neurology and neuro-oncology. Using the website www.clinicaltrials.gov/ as a reference - a service developed by the National Library of Medicine for the National Health Institute in USA - we have evoked the few clinical trials completed and currently ongoing with therapies targeting the glutamate receptors.
在这篇综述文章中，我们描述了谷氨酸和谷氨酸受体在恶性胶质瘤生物学中未被认识到的作用。从细胞外基质中的恶性胶质瘤细胞释放的神经递质谷氨酸负责诱发癫痫，且在较高浓度时会导致神经元细胞死亡。这种神经元细胞死亡会为肿瘤生长腾出空间。谷氨酸还通过以旁分泌和自分泌方式激活胶质瘤细胞上的谷氨酸受体，刺激胶质肿瘤细胞的生长和迁移。谷氨酸在胶质瘤生物学中的多种作用支持了在神经病学和神经肿瘤学中对恶性胶质瘤进行辅助治疗时，对谷氨酸受体和转运体进行药物靶向治疗的基本原理。以网站www.clinicaltrials.gov/作为参考——这是美国国立医学图书馆为美国国立卫生研究院开发的一项服务——我们引出了一些已完成的以及目前正在进行的针对谷氨酸受体疗法的临床试验。
