Azaizeh H A, Pettit R E, Sarr B A, Phillips T D
Texas A & M University, Department of Plant Pathology, College Station 77843.
Mycopathologia. 1990 Jun;110(3):125-32. doi: 10.1007/BF00437535.
Twenty-three peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes were evaluated for kernel resistance to Aspergillus parasiticus Spear. colonization and aflatoxin contamination when incubated under high relative humidity. Also, tannin-containing extracts from kernel coats (testae) and cotyledons of these genotypes were prepared and tested for their effect on A. parasiticus growth and aflatoxin production in vitro. The lowest degree of colonization, less than 30%, was noted in kernels from the genotypes, Toalson x UF 73-4022 (selections TX-798731 and TX-798736), A72118, SN 55-437, PI337409, and Florunner. Genotypes with low levels of colonization also had the lowest aflatoxin contamination. The coefficient of correlation between infection frequency and aflatoxin contamination was 0.66. Higher levels of tannins were detected in the testae (23.9-97.2 mg g tissue) compared to the cotyledons (0.17-0.82 mg g tissue). Some of the methanol-extracted and water-soluble tannin extracts from testae and cotyledons, when incorporated in yeast extract sucrose liquid medium (100 mg l), significantly inhibited A. parasiticus growth and reduced the levels of aflatoxin produced. There was no overall correlation between the peanut genotypes and the influence of tannin extracts on A parasiticus growth and aflatoxin production. However, correlations were higher for specific genotypes. For example, the coefficient of correlation between the ability of tannin extracts from testae of genotypes PI337409 and TX-798736 to inhibit aflatoxin production was 0.93 and 0.85 respectively.
对23个花生（Arachis hypogaea L.）基因型进行了评估，以研究其种子仁在高相对湿度下孵育时对寄生曲霉Spear定殖和黄曲霉毒素污染的抗性。此外，还制备了这些基因型种子皮（种皮）和子叶中含单宁的提取物，并测试了它们对寄生曲霉体外生长和黄曲霉毒素产生的影响。在基因型Toalson x UF 73-4022（选系TX-798731和TX-798736）、A72118、SN 55-437、PI337409和佛罗里unner的种子仁中，定殖程度最低，不到30%。定殖水平低的基因型黄曲霉毒素污染也最低。感染频率与黄曲霉毒素污染之间的相关系数为0.66。与子叶（0.17 - 0.82毫克/克组织）相比，种皮中检测到的单宁水平更高（23.9 - 97.2毫克/克组织）。当将一些从种皮和子叶中甲醇提取的水溶性单宁提取物加入酵母提取物蔗糖液体培养基（100毫克/升）中时，显著抑制了寄生曲霉的生长并降低了黄曲霉毒素的产生水平。花生基因型与单宁提取物对寄生曲霉生长和黄曲霉毒素产生的影响之间没有总体相关性。然而，特定基因型的相关性更高。例如，基因型PI337409和TX-798736种皮单宁提取物抑制黄曲霉毒素产生能力之间的相关系数分别为0.93和0.85。
