Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
J Appl Microbiol. 2013 Nov;115(5):1240-50. doi: 10.1111/jam.12312. Epub 2013 Aug 20.
The relationship between land use (undeveloped, cattle grazing, urban), faecal indicator bacteria (FIB) levels and microbial source tracking (MST) marker detection was investigated in lakes created following phosphate mining.
Faecal coliforms and enterococci were cultured, and MST markers were detected by PCR [Methanobrevibacter smithii, human polyomaviruses (HPyVs), ruminant, human (HF183) and general Bacteroidales]. FIB levels varied significantly by sampling date and were correlated with antecedent rainfall. FIB levels varied with land use category only in the case of faecal coliform levels in sediments of urban lakes, which were significantly greater than those in undeveloped or cattle-impacted lakes. Ruminant Bacteroidales were detected consistently in cattle-impacted lakes (57%) and rarely in other lakes. HPyVs was the only human source marker detected.
Rainfall was more strongly associated with FIB levels than land use category. The detection frequency of only the ruminant MST marker was associated with land use.
Microbial source tracking (MST) can fine-tune the assessment of human health risk from recreational use of inland waters, particularly when similar FIB levels but different surrounding land use and probable impacts exist.
本研究调查了在磷矿开采后形成的湖泊中，土地利用（未开发、牛放牧、城市）、粪便指示菌（FIB）水平和微生物源追踪（MST）标记物检测之间的关系。
通过培养粪便大肠菌群和肠球菌，并通过 PCR 检测 MST 标记物[产甲烷短杆菌、人类多瘤病毒（HPyV）、反刍动物、人类（HF183）和普通拟杆菌]。FIB 水平随采样日期显著变化，并与前期降雨相关。仅在城市湖泊沉积物中的粪大肠菌群水平随土地利用类别而变化，与未开发或受牛影响的湖泊相比，城市湖泊的粪大肠菌群水平显著更高。反刍动物拟杆菌在受牛影响的湖泊中持续存在（57%），而在其他湖泊中很少检测到。仅检测到人类源标记物 HPyV。
降雨与 FIB 水平的相关性强于土地利用类别。仅反刍动物 MST 标记物的检测频率与土地利用有关。
微生物源追踪（MST）可以更精细地评估内陆水域休闲使用对人类健康的风险，特别是当存在类似的 FIB 水平但周围土地利用和可能的影响不同时。
