Comisión Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas CONICET, Argentina.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2013 Oct;96:86-92. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.06.029. Epub 2013 Jul 23.
The aims of this study were: (i) to assess if carbamate pesticides and ammonium, widely detected in European freshwater bodies, can be considered ecologically relevant endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) for benthic and interstitial freshwater copepods; and (ii) to evaluate the potential of copepods as sentinels for monitoring ecosystem health. In order to achieve these objectives, four species belonging to the harpacticoid copepod genus Bryocamptus, namely B. (E.) echinatus, B. (R.) zschokkei, B. (R.) pygmaeus and B. (B.) minutus, were subjected to chronic exposures to Aldicarb and ammonium. A significant deviation from the developmental time of unexposed control cultures was observed for all the species in test cultures. Aldicarb caused an increase in generation time over 80% in both B. minutus and B. zschokkei, but less than 35% in B. pygmaeus and B. echinatus. Ammonium increased generation time over 33% in B. minutus, and 14, 12 and 3.5% for B. pygmaeus, B. zschokkei and B. echinatus, respectively. On the basis of these results it can be concluded that chronic exposure to carbamate pesticides and ammonium alters the post-naupliar development of the test-species and propose their potential role as EDCs, leaving open the basis to search what are the mechanism underlying. A prolonged developmental time would probably produce a detrimental effect on population attributes, such as age structure and population size. These deviations from a pristine population condition may be considered suitable biological indicators of ecosystem stress, particularly useful to compare polluted to unpolluted reference sites. Due to their dominance in both benthic and interstitial habitats, and their sensitivity as test organisms, freshwater benthic and hyporheic copepods can fully be used as sentinel species for assessing health condition of aquatic ecosystems as required by world-wide water legislation.
(i)评估在欧洲淡水体中广泛检测到的氨基甲酸酯类农药和氨是否可被视为对底栖和间隙性淡水桡足类动物具有生态相关性的内分泌干扰化学物质（EDCs）；(ii)评估桡足类动物作为监测生态系统健康的指示生物的潜力。为了实现这些目标，将属于桡足亚目桡足类 Bryocamptus 属的四个物种，即 B. (E.) echinatus、B. (R.) zschokkei、B. (R.) pygmaeus 和 B. (B.) minutus，暴露于慢性 Aldicarb 和氨中。在所有测试培养物中，与未暴露于对照培养物的发育时间相比，所有物种都出现了明显的偏差。Aldicarb 导致 B. minutus 和 B. zschokkei 的世代时间增加了 80%以上，但在 B. pygmaeus 和 B. echinatus 中则不到 35%。氨使 B. minutus 的世代时间增加了 33%以上，B. pygmaeus、B. zschokkei 和 B. echinatus 的世代时间分别增加了 14%、12%和 3.5%。基于这些结果可以得出结论，慢性暴露于氨基甲酸酯类农药和氨会改变测试物种的后无节幼体发育，并提出它们作为 EDC 的潜在作用，同时也为探索其潜在作用机制提供了依据。延长的发育时间可能会对种群属性产生不利影响，例如年龄结构和种群规模。这些偏离原始种群条件的变化可能被视为生态系统压力的合适生物指标，特别是在比较污染和未污染的参照点时非常有用。由于它们在底栖和底层生境中占主导地位，并且作为测试生物具有敏感性，淡水底栖和底层桡足类动物可以完全用作评估水生生态系统健康状况的指示物种，这符合全球水法规的要求。
