Department of Forensic Medicine, Hôpital Jean-Verdier (AP-HP), 93140 Bondy, France.
Forensic Sci Int. 2013 Sep 10;231(1-3):92-7. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.04.030. Epub 2013 May 18.
Traffic offences are a common cause of detention in police custody. We hypothesized that drug intoxication while driving could correspond to specific medical conditions of the detainees. Our objective was to evaluate medical features and addictive behaviours of suspected drug drivers and to collect data regarding assaults or injuries in these individuals. We conducted a prospective study (April 2010-December 2011) of suspected drug driving arrestees, who were compared to drink drivers or persons aged over 18 detained for other reasons. Data collected concerned persons' characteristics, reported assaults, and observed injuries. A total of 205 drivers were tested positive for drugs in blood, 116 were either positive for drugs in urine or saliva and negative in blood, or negative in urine. Cannabis-only users accounted for 201 of 205 drug drivers (98%). Suspected drug driving arrestees had good overall health rating. Drug drivers were younger than controls and requested more rarely medical examination (12% vs. 44%, P<0.0001). They were rarely involved in addiction treatment (3%) and reported assaults or presented traumatic injuries less often than drink drivers and controls (8% vs. 38% and 25%, P<0.0001). Drug drivers were less often alcohol abusers than controls. Their opinion on custody was better than that of controls and they were considered unconditionally fit for detention more frequently (99% vs. 77%, P<0.0001). We conclude that arrested drug drivers were young, healthy, and infrequently reported assaults or presented traumatic injuries, which does not put them in a high risk medical condition. Medical care could include brief interventions on addictive behaviours.
交通违章是被警方拘留的常见原因。我们假设，在驾驶过程中吸毒可能与被拘留者的特定医疗状况相对应。我们的目的是评估涉嫌吸毒驾车者的医疗特征和成瘾行为，并收集这些人遭受攻击或受伤的数据。我们进行了一项前瞻性研究（2010 年 4 月至 2011 年 12 月），研究了涉嫌吸毒驾车的被捕者，并将他们与因其他原因被捕的酗酒驾车者或 18 岁以上的人进行了比较。收集的数据涉及人员特征、报告的攻击行为和观察到的伤害。共有 205 名司机的血液中检测出毒品呈阳性，116 名司机的尿液或唾液中检测出毒品呈阳性而血液中呈阴性，或尿液中呈阴性。在 205 名吸毒驾车者中，仅大麻使用者占 201 人（98%）。涉嫌吸毒驾车的被捕者整体健康状况良好。吸毒驾车者比对照组更年轻，且更不愿意接受体检（12%对 44%，P<0.0001）。他们很少接受成瘾治疗（3%），也很少报告攻击行为或出现创伤性损伤，比酗酒驾车者和对照组（8%对 38%和 25%，P<0.0001）少。吸毒驾车者比对照组更不容易酗酒。他们对拘留的看法比对照组好，且被认为更经常无条件适合拘留（99%对 77%，P<0.0001）。我们的结论是，被捕的吸毒驾车者年轻、健康，且很少报告攻击行为或出现创伤性损伤，这并不使他们处于高风险的医疗状况。医疗护理可能包括对成瘾行为的简短干预。
