Office of Food Additive Safety, CFSAN, College Park 20740, United States; Office of the Commissioner, Office of Science and Innovation, FDA, White Oak, United States.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2013 Oct;60:181-7. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.07.038. Epub 2013 Jul 25.
Between July 2008 and June 2012, the US Food and Drug Administration received 501 consumer reports of prolonged taste disturbances consistent with pine mouth syndrome. Consumers consistently reported a delayed bitter or metallic taste beginning hours to days following consumption of pine nuts that recurred with intake of any food or meal. This dysgeusia lasted in some cases up to a few weeks, but would eventually resolve without serious health consequences. To evaluate these reports, a questionnaire was developed to address various characteristics of the pine nuts consumed, pertinent medical history of complainants and other dysgeusia-related factors. Pine nut samples associated with 15 complaints were collected for analysis. The investigation of reports found no clear evidence of an underlying medical cause or common trigger that could adequately explain the occurrence of dysgeusia in complainants. Rather, the results of our investigation suggest that the occurrence of "pine mouth syndrome" in US consumers is correlated with the consumption of the pine nut species Pinus armandii.
2008 年 7 月至 2012 年 6 月期间，美国食品和药物管理局收到了 501 份消费者报告，称长期味觉紊乱与松树口综合征一致。消费者一致报告说，在食用松子后数小时至数天内，会出现延迟的苦味或金属味，而摄入任何食物或餐食都会再次出现这种味觉异常。在某些情况下，这种味觉障碍持续长达数周，但最终会在没有严重健康后果的情况下得到解决。为了评估这些报告，开发了一份问卷，以解决与食用的松子有关的各种特征、投诉者的相关病史以及其他味觉障碍相关因素。收集了与 15 份投诉相关的松子样本进行分析。对报告的调查没有发现明确的潜在医学原因或常见诱因的证据，这些原因可以充分解释投诉者味觉障碍的发生。相反，我们调查的结果表明，美国消费者出现“松树口综合征”与食用松属华山松种有关。
