Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram-695581, India.
Food Funct. 2013 Sep;4(9):1402-9. doi: 10.1039/c3fo60085h.
Virgin coconut oil (VCO) extracted by wet processing is popular among the scientific field and society nowadays. The present study was carried out to examine the comparative effect of VCO with copra oil (CO), olive oil (OO) and sunflower oil (SFO) on endogenous antioxidant status and paraoxonase 1 activity in ameliorating the oxidative stress in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed different oils at 8% level for 45 days along with the synthetic diet. Results revealed that dietary VCO improved the antioxidant status compared to other three oil fed groups (P < 0.05), which is evident from the increased activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in tissues. Concentration of reduced glutathione was also found to be increased significantly in liver (532.97 mM per 100 g liver), heart (15.77 mM per 100 g heart) and kidney (1.58 mM per 100 g kidney) of VCO fed rats compared to those fed with CO, OO and SFO (P < 0.05). In addition, the activity of paraoxonase 1 was significantly increased in VCO fed rats compared to other oil fed groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, VCO administration prevented the oxidative stress, which is indicated by the decreased formation of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation products like malondialdehyde, hydroperoxides, conjugated dienes and protein carbonyls in serum and tissues compared to other oil fed rats (P < 0.05). Wet processing of VCO retains higher amounts of biologically active unsaponifiable components like polyphenols (84 mg per 100 g oil) and tocopherols (33.12 μg per 100 g oil) etc. compared to other oils (P < 0.05). From these observations, it is concluded that VCO has a beneficial role in improving antioxidant status and hence preventing lipid and protein oxidation.
采用湿法加工提取的初榨椰子油（VCO）在当今科学界和社会中很受欢迎。本研究旨在考察 VCO 与椰子油（CO）、橄榄油（OO）和葵花籽油（SFO）在改善大鼠氧化应激方面的内源性抗氧化状态和对氧磷酶 1 活性的比较效果。雄性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠在合成饮食中以 8%的水平喂养不同的油 45 天。结果表明，与其他三种油喂养组相比，膳食 VCO 改善了抗氧化状态（P<0.05），这从组织中过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶活性的增加可以看出。还发现，与 CO、OO 和 SFO 喂养组相比，VCO 喂养组大鼠肝脏（每 100g 肝脏 532.97mM）、心脏（每 100g 心脏 15.77mM）和肾脏（每 100g 肾脏 1.58mM）中的还原型谷胱甘肽浓度显著增加（P<0.05）。此外，与其他油喂养组相比，VCO 喂养组对氧磷酶 1 的活性显著增加（P<0.05）。此外，VCO 给药可预防氧化应激，这从与其他油喂养大鼠相比，血清和组织中脂质过氧化和蛋白质氧化产物（如丙二醛、过氧化物、共轭二烯和蛋白质羰基）形成减少可以看出（P<0.05）。与其他油相比，VCO 的湿法加工保留了更多具有生物活性的不可皂化物成分，如多酚（每 100g 油 84mg）和生育酚（每 100g 油 33.12μg）等（P<0.05）。从这些观察结果可以得出结论，VCO 在改善抗氧化状态方面具有有益作用，从而防止脂质和蛋白质氧化。
