情绪困扰和注意力缺陷多动障碍对罪犯机构内行为障碍及累犯的影响。
The Role of Emotional Distress and ADHD on Institutional Behavioral Disturbance and Recidivism Among Offenders.
作者信息
González Rafael A, Gudjonsson Gisli H, Wells June, Young Susan
机构信息
King's College London, UK Queen Mary University of London, UK.
King's College London, UK.
出版信息
J Atten Disord. 2016 Apr;20(4):368-78. doi: 10.1177/1087054713493322. Epub 2013 Jul 26.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to examine the role of emotional distress as well as ADHD symptomatology in explaining (a) recidivism, (b) behavioral disturbances in prison, and (c) violent and nonviolent offending.
METHOD
In all, 196 male prisoners from Aberdeen prison completed the Symptom Checklist-90, which examines various clinical symptoms and emotional distress. Current adult symptoms were assessed by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) criteria for ADHD.
RESULTS
Emotional distress and ADHD explained the variance in prison records of behavioral disturbance above and beyond antisocial personality (ASP) traits; however, much of the effect of emotional distress was mediated by ADHD symptoms. Only ADHD symptoms were significantly associated to history of violent offending, whereas ASP and age mostly explained nonviolent offenses and overall recidivism.
CONCLUSION
Our results provide support for the conceptual association between ADHD and its related emotional dimension with behavioral disturbance in prison, suggesting a link to reactive violence.
目的
本研究旨在探讨情绪困扰以及注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）症状在解释以下方面的作用：（a）累犯；（b）监狱中的行为障碍；（c）暴力和非暴力犯罪。
方法
共有196名来自阿伯丁监狱的男性囚犯完成了症状自评量表90（Symptom Checklist-90），该量表用于检查各种临床症状和情绪困扰。当前成人症状根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》（第4版；DSM-IV）中ADHD的标准进行评估。
结果
情绪困扰和ADHD解释了超出反社会人格（ASP）特质的监狱行为障碍记录中的差异；然而，情绪困扰的大部分影响是由ADHD症状介导的。只有ADHD症状与暴力犯罪史显著相关，而ASP和年龄主要解释了非暴力犯罪和总体累犯情况。
结论
我们的结果为ADHD及其相关情绪维度与监狱中的行为障碍之间的概念关联提供了支持，表明与反应性暴力存在联系。
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