UNESP, Campus Experimental do Litoral Paulista, Núcleo de Estudos sobre Poluição e Ecotoxicologia Aquática (NEPEA), Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n. São Vicente, São Paulo 11330-900, Brazil.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2013 Sep 15;74(1):156-64. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.07.012. Epub 2013 Jul 26.
The growth of maritime transport and oil exploitation activities may increase the risk of oil spills. Thus, plans and actions to prevent or mitigate impacts are needed to minimize the effects caused by oil. However, tools used worldwide to support contingency plans have not been integrated, thus leading to failure in establishing priority areas. This investigation aimed to develop indices of environmental vulnerability to oil (IEVO), by combining information about environmental sensibility to oil and results of numerical modeling of spilled oil. To achieve that, a case study concerning to oil spills scenarios in a subtropical coastal area was designed, and IEVOs were calculated and presented in maps, in order to make the information about the areas' vulnerability more easily visualized. For summer, the extension of coastline potentially affected by oil was approximately 150 km, and most of the coastline presented medium to high vulnerability. For winter, 230 km coastline would be affected, from which 75% were classified as medium to high vulnerability. Thus, IEVO maps allowed a rapid and clearer interpretation of the vulnerability of the mapped region, facilitating the planning process and the actions in response to an oil spill.
海洋运输和石油开采活动的增长可能会增加石油泄漏的风险。因此，需要制定预防或减轻影响的计划和行动，以尽量减少石油造成的影响。然而，全球用于支持应急计划的工具尚未整合，从而导致无法确定优先领域。本研究旨在通过结合有关石油敏感性的信息和溢油数值模拟的结果，开发石油环境脆弱性指数 (IEVO)。为此，设计了一个涉及亚热带沿海地区溢油情景的案例研究，并计算和绘制了 IEVO 地图，以便更直观地了解区域脆弱性信息。对于夏季，受石油影响的潜在海岸线延伸约 150 公里，大部分海岸线的脆弱性为中等到高度。对于冬季，将有 230 公里的海岸线受到影响，其中 75%被归类为中等到高度脆弱性。因此，IEVO 地图可以快速清晰地解释所绘制区域的脆弱性，便于规划过程和应对溢油事件的行动。
