引导转录到正确的方向。
Directing transcription to the right way.
机构信息
Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 1000 East 50th Street, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA.
出版信息
Cell Res. 2013 Oct;23(10):1153-4. doi: 10.1038/cr.2013.100. Epub 2013 Jul 30.
Abstract
How cells ensure that productive transcription from divergent promoters is limited to the downstream protein-coding region is an important question in the transcription field. A recent study in Nature proposed an answer by revealing that the upstream antisense transcripts undergo early termination through the polyadenylation signal-dependent pathway, and the downstream sense transcripts are protected from premature cleavage by U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP).
摘要
细胞如何确保来自不同启动子的有效转录仅限于下游的蛋白质编码区，这是转录领域的一个重要问题。最近发表在《自然》杂志上的一项研究提出了答案，该研究表明上游反义转录本通过多聚腺苷酸化信号依赖性途径进行早期终止，而下游的正义转录本则受到 U1 小核核糖核蛋白（snRNP）的保护，防止过早切割。
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本文引用的文献
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Promoter directionality is controlled by U1 snRNP and polyadenylation signals.启动子方向由 U1 snRNP 和多聚腺苷酸化信号控制。
Nature. 2013 Jul 18;499(7458):360-3. doi: 10.1038/nature12349. Epub 2013 Jun 23.
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Gene loops enhance transcriptional directionality.基因环增强转录方向。
Science. 2012 Nov 2;338(6107):671-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1224350. Epub 2012 Sep 27.
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PROMoter uPstream Transcripts share characteristics with mRNAs and are produced upstream of all three major types of mammalian promoters.启动子上游转录本与 mRNA 具有相似的特征，并且存在于所有三种主要类型的哺乳动物启动子的上游。
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Pausing of RNA polymerase II disrupts DNA-specified nucleosome organization to enable precise gene regulation.RNA 聚合酶 II 的暂停会破坏 DNA 特异性核小体的组织，从而实现精确的基因调控。
Cell. 2010 Nov 12;143(4):540-51. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2010.10.004.
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U1 snRNP protects pre-mRNAs from premature cleavage and polyadenylation.U1 snRNP 保护前体 mRNA 免受过早切割和多聚腺苷酸化。
Nature. 2010 Dec 2;468(7324):664-8. doi: 10.1038/nature09479. Epub 2010 Sep 29.
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Divergent transcription: a new feature of active promoters.发散转录：活跃启动子的一个新特征。
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Nascent RNA sequencing reveals widespread pausing and divergent initiation at human promoters.新生RNA测序揭示了人类启动子处广泛的暂停和分歧起始。
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RNA exosome depletion reveals transcription upstream of active human promoters.RNA外切体缺失揭示了活跃人类启动子上游的转录过程。
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10
DNA topology and a minimal set of basal factors for transcription by RNA polymerase II.DNA拓扑结构与RNA聚合酶II转录所需的一组最小基本因子
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