Verma Suman, Fasil Mohamed, Murugan Magi, Sakkarai Jayagandhi
Department of Anatomy, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Pondicherry, 605014, India,
Surg Radiol Anat. 2014 Jul;36(5):507-9. doi: 10.1007/s00276-013-1181-6. Epub 2013 Jul 31.
Maxillary artery is one of the key contents of the infratemporal fossa. Mandibular nerve and its branches form a clinically important relation of maxillary artery in this region. A comprehensive knowledge of variations of maxillary artery in the fossa is of special relevance in oral maxillofacial surgeries, management of epistaxis, intractable neuralgias or headaches. We found a unique variation of maxillary artery, presenting bilaterally, in relation to branches of mandibular nerve. During routine dissection in a 55-year-old male cadaver, maxillary artery was seen passing deep to lateral pterygoid muscle and crossed through the nerve loop formed between two roots of auriculotemporal nerve and posterior division of mandibular nerve. Further course of maxillary artery was medial to the posterior division of mandibular nerve. Maxillary artery gave its middle meningeal artery branch as it traversed through the nerve loop. A tortuous course taken by maxillary artery can lead to its entrapment causing headaches or nerve irritation presenting with neuralgia.
上颌动脉是颞下窝的关键内容物之一。下颌神经及其分支在该区域与上颌动脉形成了具有临床重要性的关系。全面了解颞下窝内上颌动脉的变异情况，对于口腔颌面外科手术、鼻出血的处理、顽固性神经痛或头痛的治疗具有特殊意义。我们发现了一种双侧出现的上颌动脉独特变异，与下颌神经分支有关。在对一具55岁男性尸体进行常规解剖时，可见上颌动脉从翼外肌深面穿过，并穿过由耳颞神经两根与下颌神经后支之间形成的神经环。上颌动脉的进一步走行位于下颌神经后支的内侧。上颌动脉在穿过神经环时发出脑膜中动脉分支。上颌动脉走行迂曲可导致其受压，引起头痛或出现神经痛的神经刺激症状。
