Yeung Norine W, Hayes Kenneth A, Cowie Robert H
Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawa'i, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
Hawaii J Med Public Health. 2013 Jun;72(6 Suppl 2):83-6.
The emerging infectious disease angiostrongyliasis (rat lungworm disease) is caused by ingesting snails and slugs infected by the nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis. The definitive hosts of A. cantonensis are rats and the obligatory intermediate hosts are slugs and snails. Many cases result from accidentally ingesting infected snails or slugs on produce (eg, lettuce). This study assessed three readily available household products as washing solutions for removing snails and slugs from produce (romaine lettuce) to lower the probability of accidentally ingesting them. The solutions were acetic acid (vinegar), sodium hypochlorite (bleach), and sodium chloride (domestic salt). Snail and slug species known to be intermediate hosts and that are common in the Hawaiian Islands were used in the experiments: the alien snail Succinea tenella, the alien semi-slug Parmarion martensi, and the alien slugs Veronicella cubensis and Deroceras laeve. None of the products was any more effective than washing and rinsing with tap water alone. Most snails and slugs were removed after treatment but some remained on the lettuce even after washing and rinsing the produce. Only washing, rinsing, and then rinsing each leaf individually resulted in complete removal of all snails and slugs. The study did not address removal of any remaining slime left by the snails and slugs, nor did it address killing of worms.
新发传染病管圆线虫病（大鼠肺线虫病）是由于摄入感染了广州管圆线虫这种线虫的蜗牛和蛞蝓所致。广州管圆线虫的终末宿主是大鼠，其必需的中间宿主是蛞蝓和蜗牛。许多病例是因意外食用了农产品（如生菜）上感染的蜗牛或蛞蝓而导致的。本研究评估了三种容易获得的家用产品作为清洗溶液，用于去除农产品（长叶生菜）上的蜗牛和蛞蝓，以降低意外摄入它们的可能性。这些溶液分别是乙酸（醋）、次氯酸钠（漂白剂）和氯化钠（家用盐）。实验中使用了已知为中间宿主且在夏威夷群岛常见的蜗牛和蛞蝓种类：外来蜗牛苏氏琥珀螺、外来半蛞蝓马氏巴蜗牛、外来蛞蝓古巴泡螺和光滑球马陆。没有一种产品比仅用自来水冲洗更有效。大多数蜗牛和蛞蝓在处理后被去除，但即使对农产品进行清洗和冲洗后，仍有一些留在生菜上。只有先清洗、冲洗，然后逐片叶子单独冲洗才能完全去除所有蜗牛和蛞蝓。该研究未涉及去除蜗牛和蛞蝓留下的任何残留黏液，也未涉及杀死线虫的问题。
