Department of Social Medicine, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES, Brazil.
Braz J Psychiatry. 2013 Apr-Jun;35(2):115-25. doi: 10.1590/1516-4446-2012-0919.
To assess prevalence and correlates of family caregiver burdens associated with mental and physical conditions worldwide.
Cross-sectional community surveys asked 43,732 adults residing in 19 countries of the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys about chronic physical and mental health conditions of first-degree relatives and associated objective (time, financial) and subjective (distress, embarrassment) burdens. Magnitudes and associations of burden are examined by kinship status and family health problem; population-level estimates are provided.
Among the 18.9-40.3% of respondents in high, upper-middle, and low/lower-middle income countries with first-degree relatives having serious health problems, 39.0-39.6% reported burden. Among those, 22.9-31.1% devoted time, 10.6-18.8% had financial burden, 23.3-27.1% reported psychological distress, and 6.0-17.2% embarrassment. Mean caregiving hours/week was 12.9-16.5 (83.7-147.9 hours/week/100 people aged 18+). Mean financial burden was 15.1% of median family income in high, 32.2% in upper-middle, and 44.1% in low/lower-middle income countries. A higher burden was reported by women than men, and for care of parents, spouses, and children than siblings.
The uncompensated labor of family caregivers is associated with substantial objective and subjective burden worldwide. Given the growing public health importance of the family caregiving system, it is vital to develop effective interventions that support family caregivers.
评估与全球精神和身体状况相关的家庭照顾者负担的流行率和相关性。
横断面社区调查询问了 19 个世界卫生组织（WHO）世界心理健康调查（WMH）调查国家的 43732 名成年人，了解一级亲属的慢性身体和精神健康状况，以及相关的客观（时间、经济）和主观（痛苦、尴尬）负担。通过亲属关系和家庭健康问题来检查负担的程度和关联；提供了人口水平的估计。
在高、中上和低/中下收入国家中，有 18.9-40.3%的受访者的一级亲属有严重的健康问题，其中 39.0-39.6%报告有负担。其中，22.9-31.1%花费时间，10.6-18.8%有经济负担，23.3-27.1%报告心理痛苦，6.0-17.2%感到尴尬。每周平均照顾时间为 12.9-16.5（每周 83.7-147.9 小时/每 100 名 18 岁以上的人）。每周平均经济负担占高收入、中上收入和低收入/中下收入国家家庭收入中位数的 15.1%、32.2%和 44.1%。女性报告的负担高于男性，照顾父母、配偶和子女的负担高于兄弟姐妹。
全球范围内，家庭照顾者的无偿劳动与大量的客观和主观负担有关。鉴于家庭照顾系统对公共卫生的重要性日益增加，开发有效的干预措施来支持家庭照顾者至关重要。
