Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica , Taipei 115 , Taiwan R.O.C.
Expert Opin Ther Pat. 2013 Oct;23(10):1337-48. doi: 10.1517/13543776.2013.823159. Epub 2013 Aug 2.
A novel coronavirus (CoV), unlike previous typical human coronaviruses (HCoVs), was identified as causative agent for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). SARS first surfaced as a pandemic in late 2002 and originated in southern China. SARS-CoV rapidly spread to > 30 countries by 2003, infecting nearly 8,000 people and causing around 800 fatalities. After 10 years of silence, a 2012 report alarmed researchers about the emergence of a new strain of CoV causing SARS-like disease.
To combat SARS, scientists applied for patents on various therapeutic agents, including small-molecule inhibitors targeting the essential proteases, helicase and other proteins of the virus, natural products, approved drugs, molecules binding to the virus, neutralizing antibodies, vaccines, anti-sense RNA, siRNA and ribozyme against SARS-CoV. In this article, the patents published from 2008 to the present for the new therapeutics that could potentially be used in the prophylaxis and treatment of SARS are reviewed.
The therapeutic interventions or prophylaxis discussed in this review seems to offer promising solutions to tackle SARS. Rather than being complacent about the results, we should envisage how to transform them into drug candidates that may be useful in combating SARS and related viral infections in the future.
一种新型冠状病毒（CoV）与以往的典型人类冠状病毒（HCoV）不同，被确定为严重急性呼吸系统综合征（SARS）的病原体。SARS 于 2002 年底首次出现大流行，起源于中国南方。到 2003 年，SARS-CoV 迅速传播到 30 多个国家，感染了近 8000 人，导致约 800 人死亡。沉默了 10 年后，2012 年的一份报告震惊了研究人员，报告称一种新的冠状病毒株引发了类似 SARS 的疾病。
为了对抗 SARS，科学家们针对各种治疗剂申请了专利，包括针对病毒的必需蛋白酶、解旋酶和其他蛋白质的小分子抑制剂、天然产物、已批准的药物、与病毒结合的分子、中和抗体、疫苗、抗 SARS-CoV 的反义 RNA、siRNA 和核酶。在本文中，回顾了 2008 年至今发表的用于预防和治疗 SARS 的新型治疗方法的专利。
本综述中讨论的治疗干预或预防措施似乎为应对 SARS 提供了有希望的解决方案。我们不应对这些结果感到自满，而应该设想如何将它们转化为候选药物，以便在未来对抗 SARS 和相关的病毒感染。
