Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 5695, Sluppen, NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway.
Prev Vet Med. 2013 Oct 1;112(1-2):138-46. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.06.007. Epub 2013 Jul 29.
Piscine Reovirus (PRV), the putative causative agent of heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI), is widely distributed in both farmed and wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in Norway. While HSMI is a common and commercially important disease in farmed Atlantic salmon, the presence of PRV has so far not been associated with HSMI related lesions in wild salmon. Factors associated with PRV-infection were investigated in returning Atlantic salmon captured in Norwegian rivers. A multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression model confirmed clustering within rivers and demonstrated that PRV-infection is associated with life-history, sex, catch-year and body length as a proxy for sea-age. Escaped farmed salmon (odds ratio/OR: 7.32, p<0.001) and hatchery-reared salmon (OR: 1.69 p=0.073) have higher odds of being PRV-infected than wild Atlantic salmon. Male salmon have double odds of being PRV infected compared to female salmon (OR: 2.11, p<0.001). Odds of being PRV-infected increased with body-length measured as decimetres (OR: 1.20, p=0.004). Since body length and sea-age are correlated (r=0.85 p<0.001), body length serves as a proxy for sea-age, meaning that spending more years in sea increases the odds of being PRV-infected.
鱼类呼肠孤病毒（PRV）被认为是引起大西洋鲑鱼（Salmo salar L.）心脏和骨骼肌炎症（HSMI）的病原体，在挪威的养殖和野生大西洋鲑鱼中广泛分布。虽然 HSMI 是养殖大西洋鲑鱼中一种常见且具有商业重要性的疾病，但 PRV 的存在迄今为止与野生鲑鱼的 HSMI 相关病变无关。本研究调查了挪威河流中洄游的大西洋鲑鱼中与 PRV 感染相关的因素。多级混合效应逻辑回归模型证实了河流内的聚类，并表明 PRV 感染与生活史、性别、捕捞年份和体长（代表海龄）有关。逃逸的养殖鲑鱼（比值比/OR：7.32，p<0.001）和孵化场养殖的鲑鱼（OR：1.69，p=0.073）比野生大西洋鲑鱼更有可能感染 PRV。雄性鲑鱼感染 PRV 的几率是雌性鲑鱼的两倍（OR：2.11，p<0.001）。随着以分米为单位测量的体长增加（OR：1.20，p=0.004），感染 PRV 的几率也随之增加。由于体长和海龄呈正相关（r=0.85，p<0.001），体长可以作为海龄的替代指标，这意味着在海洋中度过的时间增加，感染 PRV 的几率也会增加。
