Thomas P, Stauner K, Schraml A, Mahler V, Banke I J, Gollwitzer H, Burgkart R, Prodinger P M, Schneider S, Pritschet M, Mazoochian F, Schopf C, Steinmann A, Summer B
Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337, München, Deutschland.
Orthopade. 2013 Aug;42(8):607-13. doi: 10.1007/s00132-012-2038-0.
Data on implant allergies are incomplete; therefore, we compared the data on allergy history, patch test (PT) and lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) results in a patient series from the Munich implant allergy outpatient department with symptom-free arthroplasty patients.
In this study 200 arthroplasty patients with complaints involving the prosthesis (130 female, 187 knee and 13 hip prostheses) and in parallel 100 symptom-free patients (75 female, 47 knee and 53 hip prostheses) were investigated. A questionnaire-aided history including implant type, cementing, intolerance of dental materials, atopy, cutaneous metal intolerance (CMI) and PT, including a standard series with Ni, Co, Cr, seven bone cement components, including gentamicin and benzoyl peroxide and LTT for Ni, Co and Cr.
In the knee arthroplasty patients with complaints 9.1% showed dental material intolerance, 23.5% atopy, 25.7% CMI, 18.2% metal allergies, 7.4% gentamicin allergy and 27.8% positive metal LTT (mostly to Ni). In symptom-free patients 0% showed dental material intolerance, 19.1% atopy, 12.8% CMI, 12.8% metal allergy, 0% gentamicin allergy and 17% positive metal LTT.
Characteristics of the patients with complaints were increased intolerance of dental materials, higher rates of atopy, CMI, metal and gentamicin allergy and LTT reactivity.
关于植入物过敏的数据并不完整；因此，我们比较了慕尼黑植入物过敏门诊患者系列中过敏史、斑贴试验（PT）和淋巴细胞转化试验（LTT）结果的数据与无症状关节置换患者的数据。
在本研究中，对200例有假体相关主诉的关节置换患者（130例女性，187例膝关节假体和13例髋关节假体）以及同时100例无症状患者（75例女性，47例膝关节假体和53例髋关节假体）进行了调查。通过问卷辅助了解病史，包括植入物类型、骨水泥固定、牙科材料不耐受、特应性、皮肤金属不耐受（CMI）以及PT，PT包括镍、钴、铬的标准系列、七种骨水泥成分（包括庆大霉素和过氧化苯甲酰）以及针对镍、钴和铬的LTT。
有主诉的膝关节置换患者中，9.1%表现出牙科材料不耐受，23.5%有特应性，25.7%有CMI，18.2%有金属过敏，7.4%有庆大霉素过敏，27.8%金属LTT呈阳性（主要针对镍）。无症状患者中，0%表现出牙科材料不耐受，19.1%有特应性，12.8%有CMI，12.8%有金属过敏，0%有庆大霉素过敏，17%金属LTT呈阳性。
有主诉的患者的特点是牙科材料不耐受增加、特应性、CMI、金属和庆大霉素过敏以及LTT反应性的发生率更高。
