Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Campus of Espinardo, E-30071 Murcia, Spain.
J Anim Sci. 2013 Aug;91(8):3788-95. doi: 10.2527/jas.2013-5684.
Three experiments were conducted to determine the effects of dietary addition of crude glycerin on pellet production efficiency and to evaluate its effect on growth performance and digestibility in growing-finishing pigs. Three dietary treatments were created by addition of 0, 2.5, or 5% crude glycerin to barley-soybean meal-based diet, and 4 batches of each dietary treatment (2 each for grower and finisher diets) were prepared. In the manufacturing process, crude glycerin supplementation linearly increased the feeder speed and production rate (P < 0.05), resulting in a 20 to 29% improvement in the feed production rate compared with the control. Production efficiency (kg/kWh) increased linearly (P < 0.05) as the level of crude glycerin in feed increased. A growth experiment was performed with 240 barrows (30 ± 1 kg initial BW) using a 2-phase feeding program over a 12-wk period with 4 pens per treatment and 20 pigs per pen. On the last day of the growth experiment, blood samples were collected to determine circulating glucose, fructosamine, and IGF-1 concentrations. Overall growth performance was not affected (P > 0.05) by dietary treatment, and there was no effect (P > 0.05) of dietary treatment on any plasma metabolite measured. A digestibility experiment involving 9 male pigs housed in metabolic cages was used to determine the coefficients of apparent fecal digestibility and N and mineral balances. Pigs were assigned to 1 of the 3 diets in each feeding period using a 3 × 3 Latin square arrangement of treatments (43 ± 3 and 74 ± 3 kg initial BW in the growing and finishing periods, respectively). In both feeding periods, fecal digestibility of OM and ether extract were affected by dietary treatment, increasing linearly (P < 0.05) with increasing crude glycerin levels. However, neither CP digestibility nor N retention was affected by the glycerin content in either the growing or finishing period. Digestibilities and balance of Ca and P showed opposite tendencies with the variations in crude glycerin content, which either decreased or increased depending on the feeding period. In conclusion, adding crude glycerin to the diet before pelleting improved feed mill production efficiency. The addition of crude glycerin up to 5% in the diet of growing-finishing pigs had no effect on growth performance, blood metabolites, nutrient digestibility, and N balance, but more studies are needed to determine how crude glycerin affects mineral metabolism and balance.
进行了三项实验，以确定日粮添加粗甘油对颗粒生产效率的影响，并评估其对生长育肥猪生长性能和消化率的影响。通过在以大麦-豆粕为基础的日粮中添加 0、2.5 或 5%的粗甘油，创建了三种日粮处理，并且每种日粮处理（生长和育肥日粮各 2 个）制备了 4 批。在制造过程中，粗甘油的添加使进料速度和生产速率呈线性增加（P<0.05），与对照组相比，饲料生产速率提高了 20%至 29%。随着饲料中粗甘油水平的增加，生产效率（kg/kWh）呈线性增加（P<0.05）。使用 240 头阉公猪（30±1kg 初始 BW）进行生长试验，在 12 周的时间内进行两阶段饲养程序，每个处理 4 个栏，每个栏 20 头猪。在生长试验的最后一天，采集血液样本以确定循环葡萄糖、果糖胺和 IGF-1 浓度。日粮处理对总体生长性能没有影响（P>0.05），并且日粮处理对测量的任何血浆代谢物均无影响（P>0.05）。使用 9 头雄性猪在代谢笼中进行消化率试验，以确定表观粪便消化率和 N 和矿物质平衡的系数。猪在每个饲养期内根据处理的 3×3 拉丁方排列被分配到 3 种日粮中的 1 种（生长和育肥期的初始 BW 分别为 43±3 和 74±3kg）。在两个饲养期内，日粮处理均影响 OM 和乙醚提取物的粪便消化率，随着粗甘油水平的增加呈线性增加（P<0.05）。然而，甘油含量的变化对 CP 消化率或 N 保留率均无影响，无论是在生长期还是育肥期。钙和磷的消化率和平衡与粗甘油含量的变化呈相反趋势，这取决于饲养期，要么减少，要么增加。总之，在制粒前将粗甘油添加到日粮中可提高饲料厂的生产效率。在生长育肥猪的日粮中添加高达 5%的粗甘油对生长性能、血液代谢物、养分消化率和 N 平衡没有影响，但需要进一步研究以确定粗甘油如何影响矿物质代谢和平衡。
