Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, UK.
Clin Med (Lond). 2013 Aug;13(4):353-7. doi: 10.7861/clinmedicine.13-4-353.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of visual loss in the developed world in those of working age, and its prevalence is predicted to double by 2025. The management of diabetic retinopathy has traditionally relied on screening, on laser treatment delivered by ophthalmologists, and on optimising blood glucose and blood pressure. Recent evidence suggests that the role of systemic factors is more complex than originally thought, and that drugs such as ACE inhibitors, fibrates and glitazones may all influence the course of diabetic macular oedema. Antagonism of vascular endothelial growth factor offers a new therapeutic avenue that may transform the management of diabetic macular oedema. Several other therapeutic options are under investigation and development, including aminoguanidine, sorbinol, ruboxistaurin and autologous stem cell transfusion.
糖尿病性视网膜病变（DR）是发达世界中工作年龄段人群视力丧失的主要原因，预计到 2025 年其患病率将翻一番。糖尿病性视网膜病变的传统治疗方法依赖于筛查、眼科医生提供的激光治疗，以及优化血糖和血压。最近的证据表明，全身因素的作用比最初想象的要复杂，ACE 抑制剂、贝特类药物和噻唑烷二酮类药物等药物可能都会影响糖尿病性黄斑水肿的病程。血管内皮生长因子拮抗剂提供了一个新的治疗途径，可能会改变糖尿病性黄斑水肿的治疗方法。其他一些治疗方法正在研究和开发中，包括氨基胍、山梨醇、罗格列酮和自体干细胞移植。
