Barilan Michael Y
Department of Medical Education, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Rambam Maimonides Med J. 2011 Apr 30;2(2):e0050. doi: 10.5041/RMMJ.10050. Print 2011 Apr.
This paper examines the morality of schemes of payment to live donors/sellers of organs for transplantation. Following empirical and historical evidence, it is argued that consent to sell organs is substantially different from consent to ordinary business transactions and that legalization of exchanges of organs with financial benefits deviates significantly from the scope of liberal toleration and liberal conceptions of human rights. Although altruistic giving is commendable, it is immoral for society to benefit from them without conferring to the donors benefits such as health and nursing insurance for life. Non-alienable and non-fungible benefits of this kind are moral as incentives to organ donation/giving.
本文探讨了为移植目的向活体器官捐赠者/出售者支付报酬计划的道德性。基于实证和历史证据，有人认为，同意出售器官与同意普通商业交易有很大不同，且器官有偿交易的合法化明显偏离了自由宽容的范围和自由人权观念。虽然利他捐赠值得赞扬，但社会在未给予捐赠者终身健康和护理保险等福利的情况下从中受益是不道德的。这种不可剥夺和不可替代的福利作为器官捐赠/给予的激励措施是合乎道德的。
