Deck Cary, Kimbrough Erik O
Department of Economics, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A1S6, Canada.
J Socio Econ. 2013 Dec;47. doi: 10.1016/j.socec.2013.08.007.
Donations and volunteerism can be conceived as market transactions with a zero explicit price. However, evidence suggests people may not view zero as just another price when it comes to pro-social behavior. Thus, while markets might be expected to increase the supply of assets available to those in need, some worry such financial incentives will crowd out altruistic giving. This paper reports laboratory experiments directly investigating the degree to which market incentives crowd out large, discrete charitable donations in a setting related to deceased organ donation. The results suggest markets increase the supply of assets available to those in need. However, as some critics fear, market incentives disproportionately influence the relatively poor.
捐赠和志愿服务可以被视为零显性价格的市场交易。然而，有证据表明，在亲社会行为方面，人们可能不会将零仅仅视为另一种价格。因此，虽然市场可能会增加有需要者可获得的资产供应，但一些人担心这种经济激励会排挤利他性捐赠。本文报告了实验室实验，这些实验直接研究了在与已故器官捐赠相关的背景下，市场激励排挤大额、非连续慈善捐赠的程度。结果表明，市场增加了有需要者可获得的资产供应。然而，正如一些批评者所担心的那样，市场激励对相对贫困者的影响过大。
