Adeyemo-Salami O A, Makinde J M
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Afr J Med Med Sci. 2013 Mar;42(1):81-90.
The aim of this study was to investigate the toxicological effects of the leaves of Paullinia pinnata Linn.(PP) in rodents using Wistar albino mice and rats as experimental models.
Acute toxicity study of the methanol extract of PP was carried out in Wistar strain albino mice using varying doses of the extract at 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, 3200, 6400, and 10,000 mg/kg body weight. These doses were administered orally to male Wistar albino mice with the exception of the control group and observed for morbidity and mortality after Day 1, Day 7 and Day 14. Sub-acute toxicity study was conducted in male Wistar albino rats with varying doses of 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight. These doses were administered orally once daily at 24 hour intervals for 28 days and the vehicle (physiological saline and Tween 80 (70:30 v/v)) was administered to the control groups in the experiments. Biochemical analyses were carried out on the plasma while pathological changes in the kidneys, liver and lungs were examined histologically.
In the acute toxicity study, the mice did not show any form of morbidity or mortality. For the sub acute toxicity study, plasma levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol and the triglycerides were significantly elevated (p < 0.05) at the 400 mg/kg body weight dosage. Elevated levels of plasma ALP were also observed at 800 mg/kg body weight. The histopathological study showed that the lungs exhibited dose -dependent lymphocytic infiltrations and the pattern of occurrence of lesions observed in the liver was at a frequency of one rat per group at the 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight doses.
The methanol leaf extract of Paullinia pinnata (Linn.) is well tolerated when orally administered at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight but toxic at higher doses.
本研究旨在以Wistar白化小鼠和大鼠为实验模型，研究羽叶番荔枝（PP）叶对啮齿动物的毒理学作用。
采用不同剂量（100、200、400、800、1600、3200、6400和10000mg/kg体重）的PP甲醇提取物对Wistar品系白化小鼠进行急性毒性研究。除对照组外，将这些剂量口服给予雄性Wistar白化小鼠，并在第1天、第7天和第14天后观察发病率和死亡率。对雄性Wistar白化大鼠进行亚急性毒性研究，采用50、100、200、400和800mg/kg体重的不同剂量。这些剂量每隔24小时口服给药一次，持续28天，实验中的对照组给予赋形剂（生理盐水和吐温80（70:30 v/v））。对血浆进行生化分析，同时对肾脏、肝脏和肺的病理变化进行组织学检查。
在急性毒性研究中，小鼠未表现出任何形式的发病或死亡。在亚急性毒性研究中，体重剂量为400mg/kg时，血浆碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、总胆固醇和甘油三酯水平显著升高（p<0.05）。体重剂量为800mg/kg时，也观察到血浆ALP水平升高。组织病理学研究表明，肺表现出剂量依赖性淋巴细胞浸润，在体重剂量为400和800mg/kg时，肝脏中观察到的病变发生模式为每组一只大鼠。
羽叶番荔枝（Linn.）的甲醇叶提取物以200mg/kg体重口服给药时耐受性良好，但在高剂量时有毒。
