State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Chemosphere. 2013 Oct;93(7):1288-94. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.06.063. Epub 2013 Jul 30.
Recycling processes for waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) have been well established in terms of scientific research and field pilots. However, current dismantling procedures for WPCBs have restricted the recycling process, due to their low efficiency and negative impacts on environmental and human health. This work aimed to seek an environmental-friendly dismantling process through heating with water-soluble ionic liquid to separate electronic components and tin solder from two main types of WPCBs-cathode ray tubes and computer mainframes. The work systematically investigates the influence factors, heating mechanism, and optimal parameters for opening solder connections on WPCBs during the dismantling process, and addresses its environmental performance and economic assessment. The results obtained demonstrate that the optimal temperature, retention time, and turbulence resulting from impeller rotation during the dismantling process, were 250 °C, 12 min, and 45 rpm, respectively. Nearly 90% of the electronic components were separated from the WPCBs under the optimal experimental conditions. This novel process offers the possibility of large industrial-scale operations for separating electronic components and recovering tin solder, and for a more efficient and environmentally sound process for WPCBs recycling.
废弃印刷电路板 (WPCBs) 的回收工艺在科学研究和现场试验方面已经得到很好的确立。然而，目前 WPCBs 的拆解程序由于效率低下以及对环境和人类健康的负面影响，限制了回收过程。本工作旨在通过加热水溶性离子液体来寻找一种环保的拆解工艺，以分离两种主要类型的 WPCBs——阴极射线管和计算机主机中的电子元件和锡焊料。本工作系统地研究了在拆解过程中打开 WPCBs 上焊点连接的影响因素、加热机制和最佳参数，并对其环境性能和经济评估进行了探讨。结果表明，拆解过程中的最佳温度、保留时间和叶轮旋转产生的湍流分别为 250°C、12 分钟和 45rpm。在最佳实验条件下，近 90%的电子元件从 WPCBs 上分离出来。这种新工艺为分离电子元件和回收锡焊料提供了大规模工业化操作的可能性，也为 WPCBs 回收提供了更高效、更环保的工艺。
