Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
J Appl Microbiol. 2013 Nov;115(5):1231-9. doi: 10.1111/jam.12321. Epub 2013 Aug 27.
Human Enteroviruses (HEVs) infections have a significant impact on public health, being implicated in outbreaks of meningitis, encephalitis, hand-foot-mouth disease and other acute and chronic manifestation. In the strategic plan for poliomyelitis eradication, the environmental surveillance of poliovirus (PV) has been identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an activity that can complement the surveillance of polio. Having wastewater samples available for PV surveillance allows us to study nonpolio enteroviruses (NPEVs) circulating in the study population, which are widely spread.
This study was carried out according to the WHO guidelines for environmental surveillance of PV and analysed the circulation of PV and NPEVs through the isolation of viruses in cell cultures in Milan area; from 2006 to 2010, 321 wastewater samples were collected, regularly over time, at the inlet of three diverse waste water treatment plants (WWTPs). Culturable HEVs were isolated in 80% of sewage samples: all isolates belonged to the HEV-B group and those circulating more intensely were CVB5 and Echo 6, while CVB4 was the predominant serotype found in 2010. In this study, two type 2 PVs were isolated, both characterized as Sabin like.
Environmental monitoring of HEVs in Milan has proved to be an interesting tool to investigate the circulation and distribution of viruses.
The detection of PV and other NPEV could be predictive of possible re-emergence of these viruses with an impact on public health. NPEV monitoring could also be a powerful public health tool to investigate the possible role of NPEV in different clinical manifestations.
人类肠道病毒（HEV）感染对公共卫生有重大影响，与脑膜炎、脑炎、手足口病和其他急性和慢性表现有关。在消灭脊髓灰质炎战略计划中，世界卫生组织（WHO）已将环境中脊灰病毒（PV）监测确定为可以补充脊灰监测的一项活动。有了废水样本，就可以进行 PV 监测，从而研究在研究人群中广泛传播的非脊灰肠道病毒（NPEV）。
本研究按照 WHO 环境中脊灰病毒监测指南进行，通过在米兰地区细胞培养中分离病毒分析了 PV 和 NPEV 的循环情况；2006 年至 2010 年，从三个不同的污水处理厂（WWTP）进口处定期收集了 321 个废水样本。在 80%的污水样本中分离出了可培养的 HEV：所有分离株均属于 HEV-B 组，循环强度较高的是 CVB5 和 Echo 6，而 CVB4 是 2010 年发现的主要血清型。在本研究中，分离出了两种 2 型 PV，均为 Sabin 样。
米兰的 HEV 环境监测已被证明是一种研究病毒循环和分布的有趣工具。
PV 和其他 NPEV 的检测可能预示着这些病毒可能再次出现，对公共卫生产生影响。NPEV 监测也可能是一种强大的公共卫生工具，可以研究 NPEV 在不同临床表现中的可能作用。
