Department of Medical Microbiology, Regional Public Health Authority Banska Bystrica, Cesta k Nemocnici 25, 97401 Banska Bystrica, Slovakia.
National Reference Laboratory of Poliomyelitis Public Health Authority, Trnavska Cesta, 82102 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Viruses. 2022 Jul 22;14(8):1599. doi: 10.3390/v14081599.
We describe the genesis of poliovirus (PV) and non-polio enterovirus (NPEV) surveillance program of sewage wastewaters from its inception to the present in the Slovak Republic (SR). Sampling procedures and evolution of the methodology used in the SR for the detection of PVs and NPEVs are presented chronologically. For statistical data processing, we divided our dataset into two periods, the first period from 1963 to 1998 (35 years), and the second period from 1999 to 2019 (21 years). Generalized additive models were used to assess temporal trends in the probability of occurrence of major EV serotypes during both periods. Canonical correspondence analysis on relative abundance data was used to test temporal changes in the composition of virus assemblages over the second period. The probability of occurrence of major viruses PV, coxsackieviruses (CVA, CVB), and Echoviruses (E)) significantly changed over time. We found that 1015 isolated PVs were of vaccine origin, called "Sabin-like" (isolates PV1, PV2, PV3). The composition of EV assemblages changed significantly during the second period. We conclude that during the whole period, CVB5, CVB4, and E3 were prominent NPEVS in the SR.
我们描述了斯洛伐克共和国（SR）从最初到现在的污水废水中脊髓灰质炎病毒（PV）和非脊髓灰质炎肠道病毒（NPEV）监测计划的起源。按时间顺序介绍了在 SR 中用于检测 PV 和 NPEV 的采样程序和方法的演变。为了进行统计数据分析，我们将数据集分为两个时期，第一个时期为 1963 年至 1998 年（35 年），第二个时期为 1999 年至 2019 年（21 年）。使用广义加性模型评估了两个时期主要 EV 血清型发生概率的时间趋势。使用相对丰度数据的典范对应分析来检验第二个时期病毒组合成分的时间变化。主要病毒（PV、柯萨奇病毒（CVA、CVB）和埃可病毒）的发生概率随时间显著变化。我们发现，分离出的 1015 株 PV 均为疫苗株，称为“类似萨宾”（分离株 PV1、PV2、PV3）。在第二个时期，EV 组合的成分发生了显著变化。我们得出结论，在整个时期，CVB5、CVB4 和 E3 是 SR 中突出的 NPEVS。
