Komenda Jan, Hejna Petr, Rydlo Martin, Novák Miroslav, Krajsa Jan, Racek František, Rejtar Pavel, Jedlička Luděk
University of Defence, Department of Weapons and Ammunition, Brno, Czech Republic.
J Forensic Leg Med. 2013 Aug;20(6):697-702. doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2013.04.006. Epub 2013 May 10.
Frangible projectiles for firearms, which break apart on impact, are mainly used by law enforcement agencies for training purposes, but can also be used for police interventions. Apart from the usual absence of lead in the projectiles, the main advantage of using frangible projectiles is the reduced risk of ricochet after impact with a hard target. This article describes the design and function of frangible projectiles, and describes gunshot wounds caused by ultra-frangible projectiles which fragment after penetration of soft tissues. Shooting experiments performed by the authors confirmed that differences in the geometry and technology of frangible projectiles can significantly modify their wounding effects. Some frangible projectiles have minimal wounding effects because they remain compact after penetration of soft tissues, comparable to standard fully jacketed projectiles. However, a number of ultra-frangible projectiles disintegrate into very small fragments after impact with a soft tissue substitute. In shooting experiments, we found that the terminal behavior of selected ultra-frangible projectiles was similar in a block of ballistic gel and the soft tissues of the hind leg of a pig, except that the degree of disintegration was less in the gel.
用于枪支的易碎子弹在撞击时会破碎，主要被执法机构用于训练目的，但也可用于警方干预行动。除了子弹通常不含铅外，使用易碎子弹的主要优点是在与坚硬目标撞击后跳弹的风险降低。本文描述了易碎子弹的设计和功能，并描述了超易碎子弹在穿透软组织后破碎所造成的枪伤。作者进行的射击实验证实，易碎子弹在几何形状和技术上的差异会显著改变其致伤效果。一些易碎子弹的致伤效果极小，因为它们在穿透软组织后仍保持完整，类似于标准的全被甲子弹。然而，一些超易碎子弹在与软组织替代品撞击后会分解成非常小的碎片。在射击实验中，我们发现所选超易碎子弹在一块弹道凝胶和猪后腿的软组织中的终端行为相似，只是在凝胶中的分解程度较小。
